Leverence Robert R, Martinez Melissa, Whisler Sandra, Romero-Leggott Valerie, Harji Farzana, Milner Michelle, Voelz Judi
The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-0001, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2005 Jun;36(6):523-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.03.008.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate brief physician advice regarding seatbelt and bicycle helmet use in adolescents and young adults.
We recruited 200 patients ages 11-24 years presenting for all visits to a primary care clinic in the Southwestern United States from January 2000 to March 2001. Patients were randomized to control or a single 2- to 3-minute scripted motivational counseling intervention delivered by physicians with an educational brochure and discount helmet coupon. We conducted telephone follow-up evaluation at 3 months. Main outcome measures were self-reported seatbelt and bicycle helmet use assessed on a 4-point Likert scale and attitudes toward these behaviors assessed on a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
For the intervention group, mean Likert scores precounseling and postcounseling for self-reported seatbelt use were 1.3 and 1.4, respectively, with a mean difference of .04 (95% confidence interval [CI], -.1 to .2). For self-reported bicycle helmet use, scores were 3.1 and 3.0, respectively, with a mean difference of .1 (95% CI, -.3 to .2). Combined mean Likert scores measuring subject's attitudes about seat belt use were 13.8 and 14.0, respectively, with a mean difference of .2 (95% CI, -.3 to .6). For bicycle helmet use, scores were 20.0 and 20.9, respectively, with a mean difference of .9 (95% CI, -1.4 to 3.3).
We were unable to detect a significant improvement in safety behaviors or attitudes by adolescents and young adults after a brief intervention by physicians during routine office visits.
本研究旨在评估医生就青少年和青年使用安全带及自行车头盔给予的简短建议。
我们招募了200名年龄在11至24岁之间的患者，这些患者于2000年1月至2001年3月期间到美国西南部一家初级保健诊所就诊。患者被随机分为对照组或接受由医生提供的一次2至3分钟的有脚本的动机性咨询干预，同时还会收到一份教育手册和一张头盔折扣券。我们在3个月时进行了电话随访评估。主要结局指标是通过4点李克特量表评估的自我报告的安全带和自行车头盔使用情况，以及通过5点李克特量表评估的对这些行为的态度，并采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验进行分析。
对于干预组，自我报告的安全带使用情况在咨询前和咨询后的平均李克特得分分别为1.3和1.4，平均差异为0.04（95%置信区间[CI]，-0.1至0.2）。对于自我报告的自行车头盔使用情况，得分分别为3.1和3.0，平均差异为0.1（95%CI，-0.3至0.2）。衡量受试者对安全带使用态度的综合平均李克特得分分别为13.8和14.0，平均差异为0.2（95%CI，-0.3至0.6）。对于自行车头盔使用情况，得分分别为20.0和20.9，平均差异为0.9（95%CI，-1.4至3.3）。
在常规门诊就诊期间，医生进行简短干预后，我们未能检测到青少年和青年在安全行为或态度方面有显著改善。
