de Almeida C J G, Linden R
Instituto de Biofísica da UFRJ, CCS, bloco G, Cidade Universitária, 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2005 Jul;62(14):1532-46. doi: 10.1007/s00018-005-4511-y.
Efficient clearance of apoptotic cells is required to control homeostasis in normal and pathological circumstances, and inappropriate clearance of cell corpses may lead to autoimmune diseases and inflammation. The multiplicity of phagocytotic mechanisms points to the relevance of removing apoptotic cells. A variety of surface molecules present in either the apoptotic bodies or phagocytes help in attachment and initiation of engulfment. Nonetheless, uncontrolled phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and other particles may lead to tissue injury; therefore, negative signals are important in balancing phagocytotic activity. This review aims at a systematic examination of positive and negative signals that modulate the uptake of apoptotic bodies and the signaling mechanisms involved in the clearance of apoptotic cells.
在正常和病理情况下，有效清除凋亡细胞对于维持体内平衡至关重要，而细胞尸体的清除不当可能导致自身免疫性疾病和炎症。吞噬机制的多样性表明清除凋亡细胞具有重要意义。凋亡小体或吞噬细胞中存在的多种表面分子有助于附着和吞噬的启动。尽管如此，对凋亡细胞和其他颗粒的不受控制的吞噬可能导致组织损伤；因此，负性信号在平衡吞噬活性方面很重要。本综述旨在系统研究调节凋亡小体摄取的正性和负性信号以及参与凋亡细胞清除的信号传导机制。
