McWilliams Robert R, Erlichman Charles
Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Dis Colon Rectum. 2005 Aug;48(8):1632-50. doi: 10.1007/s10350-005-0026-8.
Colorectal cancer is an excellent tumor model for evaluating novel therapeutic strategies. Development of a mechanistic understanding of how this cancer develops, spreads, and grows allows a tailored approach to all stages of treatment: prevention, adjuvant treatment, and therapy of advanced disease. We focus on therapy in the advanced disease setting, although progress in this area could lend itself to treatment of early or premalignant disease. In the last 20 years, information has been generated about the intracellular pathways of tumor formation, invasion, and metastasis. As a result, specific molecular processes have been targeted for therapeutic intervention, including cell surface growth factor receptors, proliferation signaling, cell cycling, apo-ptosis, angiogenesis, and matrix metalloproteinases. We review the scientific rationale for recently developed novel therapeutics in colorectal cancer, and the results of clinical trials to date. We also suggest appropriate clinical settings for specific targets and outline future directions of research.
结直肠癌是评估新型治疗策略的理想肿瘤模型。深入了解这种癌症的发生、扩散和生长机制，有助于针对治疗的各个阶段采取量身定制的方法：预防、辅助治疗以及晚期疾病的治疗。尽管该领域的进展可能有助于早期或癌前疾病的治疗，但我们将重点放在晚期疾病的治疗上。在过去20年里，已经产生了关于肿瘤形成、侵袭和转移的细胞内途径的信息。因此，特定的分子过程已成为治疗干预的靶点，包括细胞表面生长因子受体、增殖信号传导、细胞周期、细胞凋亡、血管生成和基质金属蛋白酶。我们回顾了近期开发的结直肠癌新型疗法的科学依据以及迄今为止的临床试验结果。我们还针对特定靶点提出了合适的临床应用场景，并概述了未来的研究方向。
