Agunu Abdulkarim, Yusuf Sadiq, Andrew Gabriel Onyiloyi, Zezi Abdulkadir Umar, Abdurahman Ezzeldin Mukhtar
Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Oct 3;101(1-3):27-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.03.025.
Five medicinal plants [Acacia nilotica, Acanthospermun hispidum, Gmelina arborea, Parkia biglobosa and Vitex doniana] used in diarrhoeal treatment in Kaduna State, Nigeria, were investigated. This study was carried out on perfused isolated rabbit jejunum and castor oil-induced diarrhoea in mice. The aqueous methanol extracts (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg/ml) were generally found to cause a dose-dependent response in the isolated rabbit jejunum, though this was not uniform in all the plants. Gmelina arborea and Vitex doniana showed concentration dependent relaxation at low doses (0.5, 1.0 mg/ml), but showed no significant relaxation at higher doses (2.0, 3.0 mg/ml). Other extracts showed biphasic effects. For example, Acacia nilotica at 3.0 mg/ml caused initial relaxation quickly followed by contraction. In the castor oil-induced diarrhoeal, 100% protections were shown by extracts of Acacia nilotica and Parkia biglobosa (100, 200 mg/kg) while Vitex doniana showed a dose-dependent effect. The least protection was shown by Acanthospermun hispidum, at the same dose, when compared with the other four plants. The results obtained revealed that the aqueous methanol extracts of all the five medicinal plants investigated have pharmacological activity against diarrhoea. This may explain their use in traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea.
对尼日利亚卡杜纳州用于治疗腹泻的五种药用植物[阿拉伯胶树、糙刺蓟、石梓、球花豆和多花牡荆]进行了研究。本研究在灌注的离体兔空肠和蓖麻油诱导的小鼠腹泻模型上进行。水甲醇提取物（0.5、1.0、2.0和3.0mg/ml）在离体兔空肠中通常呈现剂量依赖性反应，不过并非在所有植物中都如此。石梓和多花牡荆在低剂量（0.5、1.0mg/ml）时呈现浓度依赖性松弛，但在高剂量（2.0、3.0mg/ml）时无明显松弛。其他提取物呈现双相效应。例如，阿拉伯胶树提取物在3.0mg/ml时迅速引起初始松弛，随后是收缩。在蓖麻油诱导的腹泻模型中，阿拉伯胶树和球花豆提取物（100、200mg/kg）显示出100%的保护作用，而多花牡荆呈现剂量依赖性效应。与其他四种植物相比，糙刺蓟在相同剂量下保护作用最小。所获得的结果表明，所研究的所有五种药用植物的水甲醇提取物均具有抗腹泻的药理活性。这可能解释了它们在传统医学中用于治疗腹泻的原因。
