Valadares Camila Tavares, de Sousa Almeida Sebastião
Laboratory of Nutrition and Behavior, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-901, Brazil.
Nutr Neurosci. 2005 Feb;8(1):39-47. doi: 10.1080/10284150500047302.
Early protein malnutrition induces structural, neurochemical and functional changes in the central nervous system leading to alterations in cognitive and behavioral development of rats. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of protein malnutrition during lactation on acquisition and retention of spatial information using different training procedures (spaced x condensed trials). Rats treated with 16% (well-nourished) or 6% (malnourished) protein diets during the lactation phase and nutritionally recovered until 70 days of age were tested in the Morris water-maze in procedures of 1 trial/day (spaced trials), 4, 8, 12 trials/day (intermediate density) and 24 trials/day (condensed trials), completing 24 trials at the end of training. Seven and 28 days after the training the animals were tested again in just one trial to assess long-term memory. The results showed that protein malnutrition caused deficits on the spatial learning and memory in spaced but not in intermediate and condensed trials procedure. Seven and 28 days after the training there was an increase in the latency to find the platform but only malnourished animals submitted to 1 trial/day had significantly higher latency as compared with well-nourished controls. One of the possible hypotheses is that the effect protein malnutrition only in the procedure of spaced trials could be due to deficits in memory consolidation. It is suggested that these deficits can be the result of alterations produced by protein malnutrition in the hippocampal formation or in long-lasting emotional and/or motivational aspects of the rat's behavior.
早期蛋白质营养不良会导致中枢神经系统发生结构、神经化学和功能变化，进而引起大鼠认知和行为发育的改变。本研究的目的是使用不同的训练程序（间隔训练与密集训练），探讨哺乳期蛋白质营养不良对空间信息获取和保留的影响。在哺乳期用16%（营养良好）或6%（营养不良）蛋白质饮食处理的大鼠，并在营养恢复至70日龄后，在莫里斯水迷宫中进行测试，测试程序包括每天1次试验（间隔训练）、每天4次、8次、12次试验（中等密度）和每天24次试验（密集训练），在训练结束时完成24次试验。训练后7天和28天，再次对动物进行仅一次试验测试，以评估长期记忆。结果表明，蛋白质营养不良在间隔训练程序中导致空间学习和记忆缺陷，但在中等密度和密集训练程序中没有。训练后7天和28天，找到平台的潜伏期增加，但只有每天接受1次试验的营养不良动物与营养良好的对照组相比，潜伏期显著更长。一种可能的假设是，蛋白质营养不良仅在间隔训练程序中产生影响，可能是由于记忆巩固存在缺陷。提示这些缺陷可能是蛋白质营养不良在海马结构中产生的改变，或大鼠行为中持久的情绪和/或动机方面改变的结果。
