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影响日本老年人集体住房项目居民心理健康的因素。

Factors affecting the mental health of residents in a communal-housing project for seniors in Japan.

作者信息

Migita Reiko, Yanagi Hisako, Tomura Shigeo

机构信息

Department of Medical Science and Welfare, Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-8575, Japan.

出版信息

Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2005 Jul-Aug;41(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2004.10.007. Epub 2005 Jan 5.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate mental health status and the factors related to it in residents of a communal-housing project for independently living elderly in Japan. Two hundred and seven persons (average age: 74 years) residing in the Silver Peer Housing Project, a seniors' communal-housing project designed for independent living, were interviewed face-to-face using a general health questionnaire (GHQ-28), mental status questionnaire (MSQ) and other questionnaire containing items on personal, social, and building/facility parameters. Using a GHQ score of 7 or over to indicate poor general mental health, approximately half of the residents (45.7%) were shown to have some psychiatric problems. Independent contributors to a high GHQ score were attendance of hobby-club meetings (odds ratio (95% CI): 0.4; range, 0.2-0.8); difficulty in laying out or putting away the bedding (odds ratio (95% CI): 2.0; range, 1.0-4.2); difficulty in standing up from a sitting position on a mat (odds ratio (95% CI): 2.0; range, 1.0-4.1); and difficulty in reaching bus or train stops (odds ratio (95% CI): 2.5; 1.2-5.2); by the step-wise multiple logistic regression analysis. It was shown that a considerable number of the residents in the Silver Peer Housing facilities studied had mental health problems associated with limitations in the layout of their apartment and/or the location of the housing. Our results suggest that it may be worthwhile to prepare more comfortable housing, and to provide psychogeriatric day treatment and a communal space open to public in the Silver Peer Housing.

摘要

本研究旨在调查日本一个为独立生活的老年人建设的社区住房项目中居民的心理健康状况及其相关因素。使用一般健康问卷(GHQ - 28)、精神状态问卷(MSQ)以及包含个人、社会和建筑/设施参数项目的其他问卷,对居住在银色同伴住房项目(一个专为独立生活设计的老年人社区住房项目)中的207人(平均年龄:74岁)进行了面对面访谈。以GHQ得分7分及以上表示总体心理健康状况不佳,结果显示约一半的居民(45.7%)存在一些精神问题。通过逐步多元逻辑回归分析,发现对高GHQ得分有独立影响的因素包括参加兴趣俱乐部会议(优势比(95%置信区间):0.4;范围,0.2 - 0.8);整理或收起被褥困难(优势比(95%置信区间):2.0;范围,1.0 - 4.2);在垫子上从坐姿站起来困难(优势比(95%置信区间):2.0;范围,1.0 - 4.1);以及到达公交或火车站困难(优势比(95%置信区间):2.5;1.2 - 5.2)。研究表明,在银色同伴住房设施中,相当一部分居民存在与公寓布局和/或住房位置限制相关的心理健康问题。我们的研究结果表明,在银色同伴住房中准备更舒适的住房、提供老年精神科日间治疗以及向公众开放的公共空间可能是值得的。

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