Weingärtner Oliver, Hasan Tammam, Böhm Michael
Medizinische Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik, Innere Medizin III, Homburg/Saar.
Herz. 2004 Sep;29(6):595-601. doi: 10.1007/s00059-004-2594-0.
Dyspnea is the sensation of breathlessness, which is one of a few symptoms described as frightening and alarming. There are different hypotheses of pathophysiological mechanisms explaining a multitude of symptoms described by patients. Objective criteria for this commonly reported symptom do not exist. In general, one differentiates between dyspnea at rest and dyspnea on exertion. This article attempts to summarize the current understanding of dyspnea, explain the essential underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, discuss the broad differential diagnosis, and suggest diagnostic algorithms.
呼吸困难是一种呼吸急促的感觉，是少数被描述为令人恐惧和惊慌的症状之一。关于解释患者所描述的多种症状的病理生理机制，存在不同的假说。目前尚无针对这种常见症状的客观标准。一般来说，可区分静息时呼吸困难和运动时呼吸困难。本文试图总结目前对呼吸困难的认识，解释其基本的潜在病理生理机制，讨论广泛的鉴别诊断，并提出诊断算法。
