Williams G D, Debakey S F
Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System, CSR, Inc., Washington DC 20005.
Br J Addict. 1992 Apr;87(4):643-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1992.tb01966.x.
Using data from the 1983 and 1988 National Health Interview Surveys, this note examines changes both in the prevalence of abstention and the prevalence of heavier drinking among drinkers in the United States. Changes are examined separately by gender and according to other sociodemographic characteristics often associated with different levels of alcohol consumption. Results suggest an increase in abstention and a decrease in heavier drinking between 1983 and 1988. For women, decreases in heavier drinking were found among those 18-44 years of age, among those employed, and among those divorced/separated or never married. For men, decreases in heavier drinking were found among those employed, among those with family income of $25,000 or more, and among those married or divorced/separated. Changes both in abstention and heavier drinking were found to vary considerably by geographical region. These findings do not support results from other general population survey studies on alcohol use that suggest a stability in drinking levels, or even a slight increase in heavier drinking among men.
利用1983年和1988年全国健康访谈调查的数据，本报告研究了美国戒酒率和饮酒者中重度饮酒率的变化情况。按性别以及与不同饮酒水平相关的其他社会人口特征分别对变化情况进行了研究。结果表明，1983年至1988年间戒酒率上升，重度饮酒率下降。对于女性而言，18 - 44岁的女性、就业女性以及离婚/分居或从未结婚的女性中重度饮酒率有所下降。对于男性而言，就业男性、家庭收入在25,000美元及以上的男性以及已婚或离婚/分居的男性中重度饮酒率有所下降。研究发现，戒酒率和重度饮酒率的变化在不同地理区域差异很大。这些研究结果不支持其他关于酒精使用的一般人群调查研究的结果，那些研究表明饮酒水平稳定，甚至男性中重度饮酒率略有上升。
