Lee Soon Young, Kim Miyong T, Jee Sun Ha, Yang Hannah Phil
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Yeounton-gu, Suwon 443-721, Republic of Korea.
Prev Med. 2005 Aug;41(2):433-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.11.025.
Little is known about the long-term effect of lactation on maternal cardiovascular health except for a few animal or human experimental studies. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of lactation on the incidence of hypertension in premenopausal women.
The data were derived from a cohort study with 6 years follow-up (1995-2000). The cohort was composed of 177,749 Korean premenopausal women, aged 20-59, who had medical evaluations in 1992 and 1994. During the follow-up, blood pressure was measured as part of the 1996, 1998, and 2000 periodic examinations.
In multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, lactation decreased the risk of hypertension (risk ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.90-0.96). Compared with women who with no history of lactation, 1-6 months of lactation decreased the risk of hypertension (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.87-0.93), as did 7-12 months (RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98) or 13-18 months (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86-0.99). In particular, the coexistence of obesity and no lactation increased the risk of hypertension (P for interaction = 0.028).
This finding suggests that lactation may be a protective factor against hypertension among premenopausal women.
除了少数动物或人体实验研究外，关于哺乳对母亲心血管健康的长期影响知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨哺乳对绝经前女性高血压发病率的影响。
数据来源于一项为期6年随访（1995 - 2000年）的队列研究。该队列由177,749名年龄在20 - 59岁的韩国绝经前女性组成，她们在1992年和1994年接受了医学评估。在随访期间，作为1996年、1998年和2000年定期检查的一部分测量了血压。
在多变量Cox比例风险模型中，哺乳降低了患高血压的风险（风险比，0.92；95%置信区间，0.90 - 0.9）。与无哺乳史的女性相比，哺乳1 - 6个月降低了患高血压的风险（风险比，0.90；95%置信区间，0.87 - 0.93），哺乳7 - 12个月（风险比，0.92；95%置信区间，0.87 - 0.98）或13 - 18个月（风险比，0.9；95%置信区间，0.86 - 0.99）也有同样效果。特别是，肥胖与无哺乳同时存在会增加患高血压的风险（交互作用P值 = 0.028）。
这一发现表明，哺乳可能是绝经前女性预防高血压的一个保护因素。
