Thorndike Frances P, Wernicke Rachel, Pearlman Michelle Y, Haaga David A F
American University, Department of Psychology, Asbury Building, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20016-8062, United States.
Addict Behav. 2006 Feb;31(2):223-31. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.023.
Several studies have linked posttraumatic stress disorder with heavy smoking. It is not known to what extent this association is specific, as opposed to being a function of a joint association of PTSD and heavy smoking with a third variable such as depression proneness. In a cross-sectional study of 157 current regular smokers, severity of nicotine dependence (but not cigarettes smoked per day) was positively correlated with total PTSD symptoms, hyperarousal symptoms, and avoidance symptoms. These correlations were not eliminated by controlling statistically for depression vulnerability, whether it was measured on a continuous self-rating scale or on the basis of interview-diagnosed history of major depression. The association between PTSD and nicotine dependence was stronger among men than among women.
多项研究已将创伤后应激障碍与大量吸烟联系起来。目前尚不清楚这种关联在何种程度上具有特异性，而非创伤后应激障碍和大量吸烟与诸如抑郁倾向等第三个变量的联合关联的一种表现。在一项对157名当前的经常吸烟者的横断面研究中，尼古丁依赖的严重程度（而非每天吸烟的支数）与创伤后应激障碍的总症状、过度警觉症状及回避症状呈正相关。通过对抑郁易感性进行统计学控制，这些相关性并未消除，无论抑郁易感性是通过连续自评量表测量还是基于访谈诊断的重度抑郁病史来衡量。创伤后应激障碍与尼古丁依赖之间的关联在男性中比在女性中更强。
