Willis Thomas A, O'Connor Daryl B, Smith Lawrence
Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Physiol Behav. 2005 Jun 2;85(2):125-33. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.03.013.
The relationship between cardiovascular responses to stress and health outcomes is inconsistent. In this study, the effects of morningness-eveningness and time of day upon cardiovascular activity at rest and in response to stress were examined. Sixty morning-types and evening-types completed two testing sessions (one morning, one afternoon) that comprised a battery of three stress tasks and a measure of anxiety. The results failed to support a time of day effect upon cardiovascular activity, but there was evidence of an interaction between time of day and morningness-eveningness upon heart rate (HR) and rate pressure product (RPP; HRxSBP). Evening-types exhibited higher HR and RPP in the afternoon, both at rest and during stress. A time of day effect was shown for mood, with anxiety levels higher in the morning than the afternoon. These results are discussed in terms of their health and methodological implications.
心血管系统对应激的反应与健康结果之间的关系并不一致。在本研究中，考察了晨型-夜型偏好以及一天中的时间对静息状态下和应激状态下心血管活动的影响。60名晨型人和夜型人完成了两个测试环节（一个在上午，一个在下午），包括一系列三项应激任务和一项焦虑测量。结果未能支持一天中的时间对心血管活动有影响，但有证据表明，一天中的时间与晨型-夜型偏好在心率（HR）和率压积（RPP；HR×SBP）方面存在交互作用。夜型人在下午静息和应激时的心率和率压积均较高。情绪方面显示出一天中的时间效应，上午的焦虑水平高于下午。从健康和方法学意义的角度对这些结果进行了讨论。
