Koning Frits, Schuppan Detlef, Cerf-Bensussan Nadine, Sollid Ludvig M
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2005 Jun;19(3):373-87. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2005.02.003.
Celiac disease is an inflammatory disorder of the small intestine caused by an immune response to ingested wheat gluten and similar proteins of rye and barley. It affects at least 1 in 200 individuals, corresponding to roughly three million patients in Western Europe and Northern America alone. Data accumulated since the discovery of gluten specific T cells in the intestine of celiac disease patients the early 1990s have allowed the deciphering of the interplay between the triggering environmental factor, gluten, the main genetic risk factor, the HLA-DQ2/8 haplotypes and the autoantigen; the enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTG). This established a key role of adaptive immunity orchestrated by lamina propria T cells responding to a set of gluten derived peptides. More recent work points to an important contribution of innate immunity triggered by a distinct gluten peptide and driven by the proinflammatory cytokine Interleukine-5 (IL-15). Together, these observations provide a unique explanation for the disease inducing capacity of gluten.
乳糜泻是一种小肠炎症性疾病，由对摄入的小麦麸质以及黑麦和大麦的类似蛋白质的免疫反应引起。该病影响至少每200人中的1人，仅在西欧和北美就约有300万患者。自20世纪90年代初在乳糜泻患者肠道中发现麸质特异性T细胞以来积累的数据，使得人们能够解读触发环境因素（麸质）、主要遗传风险因素（HLA-DQ2/8单倍型）和自身抗原（酶组织转谷氨酰胺酶（tTG））之间的相互作用。这确立了由固有层T细胞协调的适应性免疫对一组麸质衍生肽作出反应的关键作用。最近的研究表明，由一种独特的麸质肽触发并由促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-15（IL-15）驱动的固有免疫也有重要作用。这些观察结果共同为麸质的疾病诱导能力提供了独特的解释。
