Grinevich Y, Shalimov S, Bendyuh G, Zahriychuk O, Hodysh Y
Ukrainian Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Kiev, Ukraine.
Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2005;31(2):59-70.
We studied the effect of the anticancer drug Ukrain on Lewis carcinoma in C57BL/6 mice. A marked progressive anticancer and antimetastatic effect was observed. On day 33 of tumor development, the tumor growth inhibition and metastases inhibition index were 71.5% and 73.1%, respectively. The antimetastatic effect of the drug manifested as a decrease in both number and volume of lung metastases. This finding demonstrates that treatment with Ukrain in Lewis carcinoma-bearing mice not only prevents the formation of new metastases but also inhibits the growth of existing ones. In addition to possessing anticancer and antimetastatic effects, Ukrain has been demonstrated to affect parameters characterizing the state of the immune system. This effect manifested as an increase in the endocrine function of the thymus (a central organ of the immune system), an increase in serum interferon, adhesion of peritoneal macrophages and formation of antibodies against thymus-dependent antigen by spleen plasma cells. Together with intensification of functional activity of the immune system, Ukrain increased the number of lymphoid cells and monocytes in peripheral blood. In addition to the increase in lymphocytes, the number of large granular lymphocytes also increased, i.e., cells possessing natural cytotoxic activity. The results obtained suggest that the antitumor, and especially the antimetastatic, effect of Ukrain is due to its immune-modulating properties, specifically, activation of antitumor resistance concerned with release of interferon and thymus humoral factors. Natural killer (NK) activity is one part of this resistance. NK cells are able to recognize and eliminate from the circulation cells with the potential to form metastases.
我们研究了抗癌药物乌头碱对C57BL/6小鼠Lewis癌的作用。观察到显著的渐进性抗癌和抗转移作用。在肿瘤发展的第33天，肿瘤生长抑制率和转移抑制率分别为71.5%和73.1%。该药物的抗转移作用表现为肺转移灶的数量和体积均减少。这一发现表明，用乌头碱治疗荷Lewis癌小鼠不仅可预防新转移灶的形成，还能抑制现有转移灶的生长。除了具有抗癌和抗转移作用外，乌头碱还被证明可影响表征免疫系统状态的参数。这种作用表现为胸腺（免疫系统的中枢器官）内分泌功能增强、血清干扰素增加、腹膜巨噬细胞黏附以及脾浆细胞产生针对胸腺依赖性抗原的抗体。随着免疫系统功能活性的增强，乌头碱还增加了外周血中淋巴细胞和单核细胞的数量。除淋巴细胞增加外，大颗粒淋巴细胞的数量也增加，即具有自然细胞毒性活性的细胞。所得结果表明，乌头碱的抗肿瘤作用，尤其是抗转移作用，归因于其免疫调节特性，具体而言，是激活了与干扰素和胸腺体液因子释放相关的抗肿瘤抵抗力。自然杀伤（NK）活性是这种抵抗力的一部分。NK细胞能够识别并从循环中清除具有形成转移潜能的细胞。
