Choh Vivian, Sivak Jacob G
School of Optometry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-2020, USA.
J Vis. 2005 Mar 4;5(3):165-76. doi: 10.1167/5.3.2.
Our goal was to determine whether experimentally induced ametropias have an effect on lenticular accommodation and spherical aberration. Form-deprivation myopia and hyperopia were induced in one eye of hatchling chicks by application of a translucent goggle and +15 D lens, respectively. After 7 days, eyes were enucleated and lenses were optically scanned prior to accommodation, during accommodation, and after accommodation. Accommodation was induced by electrical stimulation of the ciliary nerve. Lenticular focal lengths for form-deprived eyes were significantly shorter than for their controls and accommodation-associated changes in focal length were significantly smaller in myopic eyes compared to their controls. For eyes imposed with +15 D blur, focal lengths were longer than those for their controls and accommodative changes were greater. Spherical aberration of the lens increased with accommodation in both form-deprived and lens-treated birds, but induction of ametropia had no effect on lenticular spherical aberration in general. Nonmonotonicity from lenticular spherical aberration increased during accommodation but effects of refractive error were equivocal. The crystalline lens contributes to refractive error changes of the eye both in the case of myopia and hyperopia. These changes are likely attributable to global changes in the size and shape of the eye.
我们的目标是确定实验性诱导的屈光不正是否会对晶状体调节和球差产生影响。分别通过给刚孵出的雏鸡一只眼睛戴上半透明眼罩和 +15 D 透镜，诱导形成形觉剥夺性近视和远视。7 天后，摘除眼球，在调节前、调节过程中及调节后对晶状体进行光学扫描。通过电刺激睫状神经诱导调节。形觉剥夺眼的晶状体焦距明显短于其对照眼，与对照眼相比，近视眼中与调节相关的焦距变化明显更小。对于施加 +15 D 模糊的眼睛，焦距长于其对照眼，且调节变化更大。在形觉剥夺和透镜处理的鸟类中，晶状体的球差均随调节增加，但一般来说，屈光不正的诱导对晶状体球差没有影响。晶状体球差在调节过程中的增加是非单调的，但屈光不正的影响并不明确。无论是近视还是远视，晶状体都对眼睛的屈光不正变化有影响。这些变化可能归因于眼睛大小和形状的整体变化。
