Matschinsky Franz M
University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 501 Stemmler Hall, 36th & Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2005 Jun;5(3):171-6. doi: 10.1007/s11892-005-0005-4.
The enzyme glucokinase (GK) regulates the rate of glucose metabolism in many tissues, including liver, the pancreatic b cells, certain neurons, enteroendocrine cells, and the pituitary, serving as a glucose sensor in many of these. Thus, GK plays a critical role in glucose homeostasis. Spontaneous mutants of GK in humans result in autosomal-dominant hypo- and hyperglycemia syndromes described as "GK disease." GK activator drugs have been discovered that lower blood glucose in normal and diabetic animals and promise to be useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is no question that the GK molecule and related issues will continue to be a fruitful topic for future research.
葡萄糖激酶（GK）在包括肝脏、胰腺β细胞、某些神经元、肠内分泌细胞和垂体在内的许多组织中调节葡萄糖代谢速率，在其中许多组织中充当葡萄糖传感器。因此，GK在葡萄糖稳态中起关键作用。人类GK的自发突变会导致常染色体显性低血糖和高血糖综合征，称为“GK疾病”。已发现GK激活剂药物可降低正常和糖尿病动物的血糖，并有望用于治疗2型糖尿病。毫无疑问，GK分子及相关问题将继续成为未来研究的一个富有成果的主题。
