Lazarczyk Maciej, Grzela Katarzyna, Grzela Tomasz
Department of Histology and Embryology, Biostructure Research Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinskiego Str., PL 02 004 Warsaw, Poland.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2005 Apr;5(4):525-36. doi: 10.1517/14712598.5.4.525.
At present, the improvement of hygienic life standards is considered as an environmental condition, increasing the prevalence of allergic diseases, as early contact with some pathogens is, according to the hygiene hypothesis, required for maturation of the immune system. The recognition of microbial components involves acquired and innate immunity mechanisms. Recently, the link between innate and acquired immunity has been discovered. It involves the evolutionarily old Toll-like receptor (TLR) system. Ligands recognised by TLRs include unmethylated deoxycytidil-deoxyguanosine (CpG) motif-containing microbial DNA. TLR-mediated signalling induces expression of cytokines preferentially promoting a Th1-directed response. Therefore, synthetic CpG motif-containing immunostimulatory oligonucleotides could be employed in causal allergy treatment. This review discusses some molecular aspects of the TLR system, as well as results of animal studies and early experiences, including treatment safety, from human clinical trials with immunostimulatory CpG motif-containing oligonucleotides.
目前，卫生生活标准的提高被视为一种环境条件，它会增加过敏性疾病的患病率，因为根据卫生假说，免疫系统的成熟需要早期接触某些病原体。对微生物成分的识别涉及获得性免疫和先天性免疫机制。最近，人们发现了先天性免疫和获得性免疫之间的联系。它涉及进化上古老的Toll样受体（TLR）系统。TLR识别的配体包括含未甲基化脱氧胞苷-脱氧鸟苷（CpG）基序的微生物DNA。TLR介导的信号传导诱导细胞因子表达，优先促进Th1定向反应。因此，含合成CpG基序的免疫刺激寡核苷酸可用于过敏性疾病的病因治疗。本文综述了TLR系统的一些分子方面，以及动物研究结果和早期经验，包括含免疫刺激CpG基序的寡核苷酸在人体临床试验中的治疗安全性。
