Glass D C, Gray C N, Jolley D J, Gibbons C, Sim M R
Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Central and Eastern Clinical School, Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Vic. 3004, Australia.
Chem Biol Interact. 2005 May 30;153-154:23-32. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.03.006. Epub 2005 Apr 19.
A nested case-control study found that the excess of leukemia, identified among the male members of the Health Watch cohort, was associated with benzene exposure. Exposure had been retrospectively estimated for each individual occupational history using an algorithm in a relational database. Benzene exposure measurements, supplied by Australian petroleum companies, were used to estimate exposure for specific tasks. The tasks carried out within each job, the products handled, and the technology used, were identified from structured interviews with contemporary colleagues. More than half of the subjects started work after 1965 and had an average exposure period of 20 years. Exposure was low; nearly 85% of the cumulative exposure estimates were at or below 10 ppm-years. Matched analyses showed that leukemia risk increased with increasing cumulative benzene exposures and with increasing exposure intensity of the highest-exposed job. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma were not associated with benzene exposure. A reanalysis reported here, showed that for the 7 leukemia case-sets with greater than 16 ppm-years cumulative exposure, the odds ratio was 51.9 (5.6-477) when compared to the 2 lowest exposed categories combined to form a new reference category. The addition of occasional high exposures, e.g. as a result of spillages, increased exposure for 25% of subjects but for most, the increase was less than 5% of total exposure. The addition of these exposures reduced the odds ratios. Cumulative exposures did not range as high as those in comparable studies; however, the recent nature of the cohort and local handling practices can explain these differences.
一项巢式病例对照研究发现，在健康观察队列的男性成员中发现的白血病过量与苯暴露有关。使用关系数据库中的算法，根据每个人的职业史对暴露情况进行了回顾性估计。澳大利亚石油公司提供的苯暴露测量数据用于估计特定任务的暴露情况。通过与当代同事的结构化访谈，确定了每项工作中执行的任务、处理的产品和使用的技术。超过一半的受试者于1965年后开始工作，平均暴露期为20年。暴露水平较低；近85%的累积暴露估计值处于或低于10 ppm-年。匹配分析表明，白血病风险随着累积苯暴露量的增加以及最高暴露工作的暴露强度增加而增加。非霍奇金淋巴瘤和多发性骨髓瘤与苯暴露无关。此处报告的重新分析表明，对于累积暴露大于16 ppm-年的7个白血病病例组，与合并形成新参考类别的2个最低暴露类别相比，比值比为51.9（5.6-477）。偶尔的高暴露，例如由于泄漏导致的暴露，使25%的受试者暴露增加，但对大多数人来说，增加量不到总暴露量的5%。增加这些暴露降低了比值比。累积暴露量没有可比研究中的那么高；然而，该队列的近期性质和当地处理方法可以解释这些差异。
