Yokoyama Yukihiro, Nimura Yuji, Nagino Masato, Bland Kirby I, Chaudry Irshad H
Center for Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019, USA.
J Surg Res. 2005 Sep;128(1):147-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.04.017.
Studies have shown gender dimorphic response of the liver for various hepatic stresses including ischemia/reperfusion, hemorrhagic shock-resuscitation, hepatectomy, liver cirrhosis, endotoxemia, and chronic alcoholic consumption. The mechanisms responsible for the gender dimorphic response include differences in pro-inflammatory cytokine release, production of reactive oxygen species, and alteration in hepatic vasoregulatory action. These effects were shown to be modulated by circulating sex steroid levels. In this regard, modulation of sex steroid levels by agents/drugs has been proposed as a therapeutic option for preventing hepatic damage in various hepatic stress models. Further elucidation of precise mechanisms responsible for the gender-related differences in the hepatic pathophysiology is essential for the potential clinical application of sex hormone modulation therapy. In this article, current progress in our understanding the gender difference in the hepatic pathophysiology under the condition of hepatic stress is reviewed and discussed.
研究表明，肝脏对各种肝应激（包括缺血/再灌注、失血性休克复苏、肝切除术、肝硬化、内毒素血症和长期酒精摄入）存在性别二态性反应。导致性别二态性反应的机制包括促炎细胞因子释放的差异、活性氧的产生以及肝血管调节作用的改变。这些效应被证明受循环性激素水平的调节。在这方面，已提出使用药物调节性激素水平作为在各种肝应激模型中预防肝损伤的一种治疗选择。进一步阐明肝病理生理学中性别相关差异的确切机制对于性激素调节疗法的潜在临床应用至关重要。在本文中，我们综述并讨论了目前在理解肝应激条件下肝病理生理学性别差异方面的进展。
