Moorman C T, Moorman L S, Goldner R D
Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham 27710.
N C Med J. 1992 Apr;53(4):141-6.
Snakebite is relatively common in North Carolina. The Copperhead is the most common offender, though we have representatives of all three genera of the Pit Viper family in addition to the Coral Snake. Pit Vipers are identified by the characteristic triangular head, elliptical eyes, well-developed fangs, and with the Rattlesnakes, a tail rattle. The Coral Snake is identified by its characteristic color pattern with red bands adjacent to yellow bands. Treatment is initiated by the safe identification of the snake, taking care to avoid a second bite. A lymphatic constriction band is applied above the bite and an Extractor, if available, is applied within three minutes. The extremity is splinted and the victim evacuated to the nearest trauma center as soon as possible.
蛇咬伤在北卡罗来纳州相对常见。铜头蝮蛇是最常见的肇事蛇种，不过除了珊瑚蛇之外，我们这里还有蝰蛇科所有三个属的代表蛇种。蝰蛇的特征是头部呈三角形、眼睛椭圆、毒牙发达，而响尾蛇还有一个尾部响环。珊瑚蛇则以其独特的颜色图案来识别，即红色条纹与黄色条纹相邻。治疗首先要安全地识别蛇种，注意避免再次被咬。在咬伤部位上方绑扎一条淋巴束带，如果有拔毒器，应在三分钟内使用。对伤肢进行固定，尽快将伤者送往最近的创伤中心。
