Nakatsuka Chiaki, Hasebe Satoshi, Nonaka Fumitaka, Ohtsuki Hiroshi
Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama, Japan.
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2005 May-Jun;49(3):189-94. doi: 10.1007/s10384-004-0175-7.
To determine whether or not myopic children have a larger lag of accommodation than emmetropic children under natural seeing conditions.
In 61 myopic children (age, 9.5 +/- 1.3 years; spherical equivalent refractive error, -6.50 to -1.00 D), accommodative response was objectively measured while they were binocularly viewing a target at 50.5, 32.5, 20.9, or 16.0 cm (1.98-6.25 D) through fully correcting glasses. In the 33 children who habitually wore spectacles, the accommodative responses were also measured while they wore their own spectacles. As controls, 18 emmetropic children were recruited. Accommodative response gradients and lags were compared between the groups after calibration for residual refractive errors and the vertex distance of the glasses.
With fully correcting glasses, the myopic children showed a larger mean lag of accommodation than the emmetropic children, as well as wide intersubject variation. However, when the children wore their habitual, usually undercorrecting, spectacles, accommodative lags markedly decreased, and a significant correlation was found between residual refractive errors after correcting for the spectacles and accommodative lags. Myopic children with near-point exophoria tended to show smaller lags of accommodation.
Under binocular viewing conditions, myopic children when viewing the target through fully correcting glasses tend to show larger lags of accommodation than emmetropic children, but the lags of accommodation are usually reduced by their spectacle undercorrection.
确定在自然观看条件下，近视儿童的调节滞后是否比正视儿童更大。
对61名近视儿童（年龄9.5±1.3岁；等效球镜屈光不正为-6.50至-1.00 D），通过完全矫正眼镜双眼观看50.5、32.5、20.9或16.0 cm（1.98 - 6.25 D）处的目标时，客观测量其调节反应。在33名习惯佩戴眼镜的儿童中，还测量了他们佩戴自己眼镜时的调节反应。作为对照，招募了18名正视儿童。在校正残余屈光不正和眼镜顶点距离后，比较两组之间的调节反应梯度和滞后情况。
佩戴完全矫正眼镜时，近视儿童的平均调节滞后比正视儿童更大，且个体间差异较大。然而，当儿童佩戴他们习惯的、通常欠矫正的眼镜时，调节滞后明显减小，并且在校正眼镜后的残余屈光不正与调节滞后之间发现了显著相关性。有近点外隐斜的近视儿童往往表现出较小的调节滞后。
在双眼观看条件下，近视儿童通过完全矫正眼镜观看目标时，其调节滞后往往比正视儿童更大，但调节滞后通常会因眼镜欠矫正而减小。
