Copulatory analgesia in male rats ensues from arousal, motor activity, and genital stimulation: blockage by manipulation and restraint.

The effect of copulation on the vocalization threshold to tail shock (VTTS) was assessed in freely-moving, sexually experienced, Wistar male rats. Mean VTTS during the first copulation was 40% above the baseline values and slightly decreased during the first postejaculatory interval (PEI; 28% above baseline). VTTS mean values further increased during the second copulatory series (93% above baseline and 63% during the PEI). Testing at the same intervals in noncopulating rats did not induce analgesia. VTTS values also increased after the display of either one ejaculation (E), five intromissions (I), or five mounts (M), the analgesia persisting for at least 20 min. Analgesia following M was smaller and shorter than that observed after either I or E. Analgesia developed gradually during copulation since VTTS values after five I were significantly higher than those after one I. The incidence of vocalizations to suprathreshold shocks (STS, 20% above the VTTS) occurring during various phases of copulation was also studied to determine the onset and short-term fluctuations of copulatory analgesia. The proportion of STS inducing vocalizations decreased from 91% (mean of individual proportions) before copulation, to 24% during copulation, and to 25% during the PEI. A maximal reduction in the proportion of vocalizations to STS was found during the last third of copulation. Nearly all vocalizations to STS during copulation occurred when subjects were quiescent, while few or no vocalizations occurred when rats were engaged in sexual activity, i.e., during M, I, or penile grooming. In contrast to the above-mentioned data, no significant analgesia was observed using the tail-flick latency test (TFL) following either E, five I, or five M.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)