Neath Ian, Fortin Claudette
Purdue University, Department of Psychological Sciences, 703 Third Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2081, USA.
Memory. 2005 Apr-May;13(3-4):395-402.
Increasing load in a memory task performed simultaneously with a timing task shortens perceived time, an effect that has been observed previously with memory tasks using verbal material. The present experiments examine whether two similar memory tasks, one in which verbal material is used and another one in which nonverbal material is used, would produce similar interference effects on concurrent time reproduction. In Experiment 1, the number of nonverbal stimuli (pseudo-random dot patterns) was manipulated in a memory task performed while a temporal interval to be reproduced was encoded. Reproductions shortened proportionally to the duration of memory processing executed during time estimation. Verbal stimuli (consonants) were used in Experiment 2 in otherwise identical experimental conditions. Effects observed in Experiment 2 were comparable to those obtained in Experiment 1. Taken together, these results support the notion that interference from memory tasks on concurrent time estimation is not determined by the specific type of material processed in memory, but instead by the duration of memory processing.
在与计时任务同时执行的记忆任务中增加负荷会缩短感知时间，这一效应先前在使用言语材料的记忆任务中已被观察到。本实验探究两个相似的记忆任务，一个使用言语材料，另一个使用非言语材料，是否会对同时进行的时间再现产生相似的干扰效应。在实验1中，在对一个要再现的时间间隔进行编码时，对执行记忆任务过程中的非言语刺激（伪随机点图案）数量进行了操控。再现时间与时间估计期间执行的记忆处理持续时间成比例缩短。在实验2中，在其他条件相同的实验环境下使用了言语刺激（辅音）。实验2中观察到的效应与实验1中获得的效应相当。综上所述，这些结果支持这样一种观点，即记忆任务对同时进行的时间估计的干扰并非由记忆中处理的材料的特定类型决定，而是由记忆处理的持续时间决定。
