Arnold Hayley S, Conture Edward G, Ohde Ralph N
Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Center for Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences and Disorders, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1114 19th Avenue South; Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
J Fluency Disord. 2005;30(2):125-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2005.01.001. Epub 2005 Mar 2.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of phonological neighborhood density on the speech reaction time (SRT) and errors of children who do and do not stutter during a picture-naming task. Participants were nine 3-5-year-old children who stutter (CWS) matched in age and gender to nine children who do not stutter (CWNS). Initial analyses indicated that both CWNS and CWS were significantly faster (i.e., exhibited shorter SRTs) and more accurate on phonologically sparse than phonologically dense words, findings consistent with those found with older children (Newman & German, 2002). Further analyses indicated that talker group differences in receptive language scores weakened these findings. These preliminary findings were taken to suggest that phonological neighborhood density appears to influence the picture-naming speed and accuracy of preschool-aged children.
The reader will learn about and be able to: (1) recognize the relevance of examining phonological variables in relation to childhood stuttering; and (2) describe the method of measuring speech reaction times and errors during a picture-naming task as a means of assessing linguistic skills.
本研究旨在评估语音邻域密度对在图片命名任务中口吃和不口吃儿童的言语反应时间（SRT）及错误的影响。参与者为9名3至5岁口吃儿童（CWS），在年龄和性别上与9名不口吃儿童（CWNS）相匹配。初步分析表明，与语音密集的单词相比，CWNS和CWS在语音稀疏的单词上反应都显著更快（即SRT更短）且更准确，这一结果与对大龄儿童的研究结果一致（纽曼和杰曼，2002年）。进一步分析表明，接受性语言分数方面的谈话者组间差异削弱了这些结果。这些初步结果表明，语音邻域密度似乎会影响学龄前儿童的图片命名速度和准确性。
读者将了解并能够：（1）认识到研究语音变量与儿童口吃相关性的意义；（2）描述在图片命名任务中测量言语反应时间和错误的方法，以此作为评估语言技能的一种手段。
