Krzyzowska Malgorzata, Polanczyk Magdalena, Bas Monika, Cymerys Joanna, Schollenberger Ada, Chiodi Francesca, Niemialtowski Marek
Immunology Laboratory, Division of Virology, Mycology and Immunology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw Agricultural University, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Neuroimmunology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
J Gen Virol. 2005 Jul;86(Pt 7):2007-2018. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.80709-0.
BALB/c mice infected with the Moscow strain of Ectromelia virus (ECTV-MOS) show a large number of apoptotic cells, and an influx of lymphoid cells in the epithelium and substantia propria of conjunctivae, respectively. The presence of ECTV-MOS antigens in the epithelium of conjunctivae significantly upregulates Fas in the epithelial layer and FasL in the suprabasal layer of conjunctiva. Inhibition of FasL with blocking antibodies in cultures of conjunctival cells isolated from ECTV-MOS-infected BALB/c mice showed that the Fas/FasL pathway is important in apoptosis of ECTV-MOS-infected cells. The results also showed that the presence of cytokines, in particular interferon (IFN)-gamma, upregulated expression of Fas. Interleukin (IL) 2, 4, 10 and IFN-gamma were produced at the peak of conjunctivitis (at day 15 of infection) with a predominance of IFN-gamma and a small, but significant, production of IL4 and IL10 compared with non-infected animals. These results suggest that not only is Fas/FasL expression in conjunctiva involved in elimination of migrating Fas+ cells but also plays an important role in the turnover of conjunctival epithelium and thus may be crucial for ECTV spreading to the surrounding environment.
感染埃可病毒莫斯科株（ECTV-MOS）的BALB/c小鼠分别在结膜上皮和固有层中出现大量凋亡细胞以及淋巴细胞浸润。结膜上皮中ECTV-MOS抗原的存在显著上调结膜上皮层中的Fas和结膜基底上层中的FasL。在从感染ECTV-MOS的BALB/c小鼠分离的结膜细胞培养物中用阻断抗体抑制FasL表明，Fas/FasL途径在ECTV-MOS感染细胞的凋亡中起重要作用。结果还表明，细胞因子尤其是干扰素（IFN）-γ的存在上调了Fas的表达。在结膜炎高峰期（感染后第15天）产生白细胞介素（IL）2、4、10和IFN-γ，与未感染动物相比，IFN-γ占主导，IL4和IL10产生量少但显著。这些结果表明，结膜中Fas/FasL的表达不仅参与迁移的Fas+细胞的清除，而且在结膜上皮更新中起重要作用，因此可能对ECTV传播到周围环境至关重要。
