Delanote Veerle, Vandekerckhove Joel, Gettemans Jan
Department of Medical Protein Research, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2005 Jul;26(7):769-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2005.00145.x.
Many actin-binding proteins are expressed in eukaryotic cells. These polypeptides assist in stabilizing and rearranging the organization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to external stimuli, or during cell migration and adhesion. Here we review a particular set of actin-binding proteins called plastins. Plastins (also called fimbrins) belong to a subclass of actin-binding proteins known as actin bundling proteins. Three isoforms have been characterized in mammals: T-plastin is expressed in cells from solid tissue, whereas L-plastin occurs predominantly in hematopoietic cells. The third isoform, I-plastin, is specifically expressed in the small intestine, colon and kidney. These proteins share the unique property of cross-linking actin filaments into tight bundles. Although plastins are primarily involved in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, they possess some unique features. For instance, they are implicated in invasion by pathogenic bacteria such as Shigella flexneri and Salmonella typhimurium. Also, L-plastin plays an important role in leukocyte function. T-plastin, on the other hand, is possibly involved in DNA repair. Finally, both T- and L-plastin are implicated in several diseases, and L-plastin is considered to be a valuable marker for cancer.
许多肌动蛋白结合蛋白在真核细胞中表达。这些多肽有助于在响应外部刺激时，或在细胞迁移和黏附过程中稳定和重新排列肌动蛋白细胞骨架的组织。在此，我们综述一组特定的肌动蛋白结合蛋白，称为丝束蛋白。丝束蛋白（也称为丝束肌动蛋白结合蛋白）属于肌动蛋白结合蛋白的一个亚类，称为肌动蛋白成束蛋白。在哺乳动物中已鉴定出三种亚型：T-丝束蛋白在实体组织来源的细胞中表达，而L-丝束蛋白主要存在于造血细胞中。第三种亚型I-丝束蛋白在小肠、结肠和肾脏中特异性表达。这些蛋白质具有将肌动蛋白丝交联成紧密束的独特特性。尽管丝束蛋白主要参与肌动蛋白细胞骨架的调节，但它们具有一些独特的特征。例如，它们与痢疾志贺氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌等病原菌的侵袭有关。此外，L-丝束蛋白在白细胞功能中起重要作用。另一方面，T-丝束蛋白可能参与DNA修复。最后，T-丝束蛋白和L-丝束蛋白都与多种疾病有关，并且L-丝束蛋白被认为是一种有价值的癌症标志物。
