Olff Miranda, Langeland Willie, Gersons Berthold P R
Center for Psychological Trauma, Academic Medical Center/De Meren, Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BC Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2005 Nov;30(10):974-82. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.04.009.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the few psychiatric conditions where a specific psychosocial stressor is explicitly tied to etiology. Although a majority of people experience a traumatic event in their life, most of them will not develop PTSD or other mental health problems such as depressive or anxiety disorders. Emotional and neurobiological responses to psychosocial stressors show striking individual variation. In this paper cognitive appraisal and coping factors are explored as potential sources of individual differences in the neuroendocrinological stress response, and subsequently in mental health outcome. Continued study of the psychobiology of trauma and PTSD will enhance our understanding of adaptation to psychosocial stressors and support efforts to treat associated psychological and biological sequelae.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是少数几种特定心理社会应激源与病因明确相关的精神疾病之一。尽管大多数人在生活中都会经历创伤性事件，但他们中的大多数人不会患上创伤后应激障碍或其他心理健康问题，如抑郁或焦虑症。对心理社会应激源的情绪和神经生物学反应存在显著的个体差异。在本文中，认知评估和应对因素被探讨为神经内分泌应激反应以及随后心理健康结果中个体差异的潜在来源。对创伤和创伤后应激障碍心理生物学的持续研究将增进我们对适应心理社会应激源的理解，并支持对相关心理和生物学后遗症的治疗努力。
