Tangrea Michael A, Wallis Benjamin S, Gillespie John W, Gannot Gallya, Emmert-Buck Michael R, Chuaqui Rodrigo F
Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, 8717 Grovemont Circle, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA.
Expert Rev Proteomics. 2004 Aug;1(2):185-92. doi: 10.1586/14789450.1.2.185.
Proteomics, the global study of protein expression and characteristics, has recently emerged as a key component in the field of molecular analysis. The dynamic nature of proteins, from ion channels to chaperones, presents a challenge, yet the understanding of these molecules provides a rich source of information. When applying proteomic analysis directly to human tissue samples, additional difficulties arise. The following article presents an overview of the current proteomic tools used in the analysis of tissues, beginning with conventional methods such as western blot analysis and 2D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The most current high-throughput techniques being used today are also reviewed. These include protein arrays, reverse-phase protein lysate arrays, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization and layered expression scanning. In addition, bioinformatics as well as issues regarding tissue preservation and microdissection to obtain pure cell populations are included. Finally, future directions of the tissue proteomics field are discussed.
蛋白质组学，即对蛋白质表达和特性的全面研究，最近已成为分子分析领域的一个关键组成部分。蛋白质的动态特性，从离子通道到分子伴侣，带来了挑战，但对这些分子的了解提供了丰富的信息来源。当将蛋白质组学分析直接应用于人体组织样本时，会出现更多困难。以下文章概述了目前用于组织分析的蛋白质组学工具，首先介绍传统方法，如蛋白质印迹分析和二维聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。还回顾了当今使用的最新高通量技术。这些技术包括蛋白质阵列、反相蛋白质裂解物阵列、基质辅助激光解吸/电离、表面增强激光解吸/电离和分层表达扫描。此外，还包括生物信息学以及关于组织保存和显微切割以获得纯细胞群体的问题。最后，讨论了组织蛋白质组学领域的未来发展方向。
