Devaux C, Lavigne C, Falentin-Guyomarc'H H, Vautrin S, Lecomte J, Klein E K
Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, UMR CNRS-UPS-ENGREF 8079, bâtiment 360, Université Paris-Sud, F 91405 Orsay cedex, France.
Mol Ecol. 2005 Jul;14(8):2269-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02554.x.
Abstract Estimating the frequency of long-distance pollination is important in cultivated species, particularly to assess the risk of gene transfer following the release of genetically modified crops. For this purpose, we estimated the diversity and origin of fertilizing pollen in a 10 x 10 km French oilseed rape production area. First, the cultivar grown in each field was identified through surveys to farmers and using microsatellite markers. Examination of the seed set in fields indicated high rates of seed contamination (8.7%) and pollination from other sources (5%). Then, male-sterile plants were scattered over the study area and their seed genotyped using the same markers. Most pollination was local: 65% of the seeds had a compatible sire in the closest field, i.e. at 50 or 300 m depending on site, but the nearest compatible field was found more than 1000 m away for 13% of the seeds. To assess the diversity of fertilizing pollen, each seed was assigned to the nearest putative siring cultivar. The observed diversity of pollen was then compared to that predicted by simulations using three empirical dispersal models with increasing proportion of long-distance pollination. The diversity was sensitive to the dispersal kernel used in the simulations, fatter-tailed functions predicting higher diversities. The dispersal kernel that was more consistent with our data predicted more long-distance dispersal than the exponential function.
估计远距离授粉的频率对于栽培物种很重要，特别是在评估转基因作物释放后基因转移的风险时。为此，我们在法国一个10×10公里的油菜籽生产区域估计了受精花粉的多样性和来源。首先，通过向农民进行调查并使用微卫星标记来识别每个田块中种植的品种。对田间结实情况的检查表明种子污染率很高（8.7%），且存在来自其他来源的授粉（5%）。然后，将雄性不育植株散布在研究区域，并使用相同的标记对其种子进行基因分型。大多数授粉是本地的：65%的种子在最近的田块中有可育父本，即根据地点不同距离为50米或300米，但13%的种子其最近的可育田块距离超过1000米。为了评估受精花粉的多样性，将每粒种子归为最近的假定父本品种。然后将观察到的花粉多样性与使用三种经验扩散模型（长距离授粉比例逐渐增加）进行模拟预测的多样性进行比较。多样性对模拟中使用的扩散核敏感，尾部更肥的函数预测的多样性更高。与我们的数据更一致的扩散核预测的长距离扩散比指数函数更多。
