Riera Paula, Martínez Benjamín
Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2005 May;133(5):555-63. doi: 10.4067/s0034-98872005000500007. Epub 2005 Jun 17.
Most oral cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (90%) which are two to four times more common in men than in women. The reasons for these differences are associated with exposure to factors such as tobacco and alcohol. Age is also considered as a risk factor (about 90% of the cases are diagnosed after 45 years of age).
To analyze the frequency of oral cavity cancer during the last years in Chile.
Mortality rates were obtained from death records of the "Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas" and publications of the World Health Organization, from 1955 to 2002. Morbidity from 1969 to 2002 was obtained from hospital discharge records of the Chilean Ministry of Health.
Oral cancer corresponded to 1.6% of total cancer cases in Chile, with a male:female ratio of 2.3 to 1. Deaths due to oral cancer was 1% of all cancer deaths, with a male:female ratio of 2.8 to 1. The morbidity rate for both genders increased while the mortality rate was relatively constant. However, we observed an increase in the mortality rate among women from 1980 to 2002, associated with more than 100% increase in the frequency of smoking, between 1970 and 1998. The most common anatomical location was the tongue.
The incidences of oral cancer is increasing in Chilean women, but men are more commonly affected.
大多数口腔癌为鳞状细胞癌（90%），男性发病率是女性的两到四倍。这些差异的原因与接触烟草和酒精等因素有关。年龄也被视为一个风险因素（约90%的病例在45岁以后被诊断出来）。
分析智利近年来口腔癌的发病频率。
死亡率数据来自“国家统计局”的死亡记录以及世界卫生组织1955年至2002年的出版物。发病率数据来自智利卫生部1969年至2002年的医院出院记录。
口腔癌占智利所有癌症病例的1.6%，男女比例为2.3:1。口腔癌死亡人数占所有癌症死亡人数的1%，男女比例为2.8:1。两性的发病率均有所上升，而死亡率相对稳定。然而，我们观察到1980年至2002年期间女性死亡率上升，这与1970年至1998年期间吸烟率增加超过100%有关。最常见的发病部位是舌头。
智利女性口腔癌发病率在上升，但男性受影响更为普遍。
