Goldberg Barry B, Merton Daniel A, Liu Ji-Bin, Murphy George, Forsberg Flemming
The Jefferson Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
J Ultrasound Med. 2005 Jul;24(7):953-65. doi: 10.7863/jum.2005.24.7.953.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether lymphatic channels (LCs) and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) could be detected on sonographic imaging after subcutaneous, submucosal, or parenchymal injections of a sonographic contrast agent (ie, lymphosonography) in a variety of anatomic locations in several animal models.
Eight swine, 7 canines, 4 rabbits, and a monkey were used for these evaluations. Gray scale pulse inversion harmonic imaging of the LCs and the SLNs was performed after subcutaneous (n = 58), submucosal (n = 14), or parenchymal (n = 8) injections of a tissue-specific sonographic contrast agent (Sonazoid; GE Healthcare, Oslo, Norway). In many instances, blue dye was injected into the same locations as Sonazoid, and surgical dissection of the SLNs and LCs was performed for comparison. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of contrast-enhanced and control lymph nodes from 2 rabbits was performed to determine the mechanism of contrast agent uptake and retention within SLNs.
After subcutaneous, submucosal, or parenchymal contrast agent injections, gray scale pulse inversion harmonic imaging could be used to identify the number and location(s) of LCs and SLNs. After subcutaneous, submucosal, or parenchymal contrast agent injections, Sonazoid was confined to the SLNs (ie, contrast enhancement was not detected in the second-echelon nodes). There was good agreement between the results of lymphosonography and blue dye with surgical dissection in identifying the regional LCs and SLNs. Scanning electron microscopy identified vacuoles representing intact contrast microbubbles within contrast-enhanced SLN macrophages, which were not present in the control lymph nodes.
Lymphosonography can be used to detect lymphatic drainage pathways and SLNs in a variety of animal models.
本研究旨在确定在多种动物模型的不同解剖位置进行皮下、黏膜下或实质内注射超声造影剂后（即淋巴超声检查），能否通过超声成像检测到淋巴管（LCs）和前哨淋巴结（SLNs）。
使用8头猪、7只犬、4只兔和1只猴进行这些评估。在皮下（n = 58）、黏膜下（n = 14）或实质内（n = 8）注射组织特异性超声造影剂（声诺维；通用电气医疗集团，挪威奥斯陆）后，对LCs和SLNs进行灰阶脉冲反转谐波成像。在许多情况下，将蓝色染料注射到与声诺维相同的位置，并对SLNs和LCs进行手术解剖以作比较。对2只兔的造影增强淋巴结和对照淋巴结进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM）检查，以确定造影剂在前哨淋巴结内摄取和滞留的机制。
在皮下、黏膜下或实质内注射造影剂后，灰阶脉冲反转谐波成像可用于识别LCs和SLNs的数量及位置。在皮下、黏膜下或实质内注射造影剂后，声诺维局限于前哨淋巴结（即二级淋巴结未检测到造影增强）。淋巴超声检查结果与蓝色染料及手术解剖结果在识别区域LCs和SLNs方面具有良好的一致性。扫描电子显微镜在造影增强的前哨淋巴结巨噬细胞内识别出代表完整造影微泡的空泡，而对照淋巴结中不存在这些空泡。
淋巴超声检查可用于检测多种动物模型中的淋巴引流途径和前哨淋巴结。
