Andersen G, Føreid S, Skaare J U, Jenssen B M, Lydersen C, Kovacs K M
Department of Zoology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Sci Total Environ. 2006 Mar 15;357(1-3):128-37. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.05.014. Epub 2005 Jun 21.
This study reports concentrations of three pesticide toxaphene congeners (CHBs; CHB-26, -50 and -62) from the blubber of ten adult, male white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from Svalbard, Norway. The CHB congeners that occurred at the highest levels in the blubber of the white whales were, as expected, CHB-26 (4636+/-1992 (SD) ng/g l.w.) and CHB-50 (6579+/-2214 ng/g l.w.); CHB-62 (232+/-231 ng/g l.w.) was also present, but at much lower concentrations. The mean level of the sum of the three CHBs (SigmaCHBs = 11,447+/-4208 ng/g l.w.) in this study is more than twice the mean concentrations of the well-known organochlorine (OC) pollutants SigmaDDTs (sum of pp'-DDT, pp'-DDE, pp'-DDD) and SigmaPCBs (sum of 27 PCB congeners) previously reported from the same individual white whales. The concentrations of CHBs in white whales from Svalbard are at the high end of the range for concentrations of these compounds compared to other Arctic white whale populations. Additionally, the contribution of CHBs to the overall OC burden is larger in white whales from Svalbard compared with their counterparts from other areas in the Arctic. Male white whales from Svalbard have several orders of magnitude higher concentrations of SigmaCHBs compared to seals and polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the same area. The high levels of CHBs in these whales, and their dominance in the OC pattern, suggests that white whales in Svalbard are exposed to high levels of this group of contaminants. Further studies are needed to investigate possible effects of CHBs and other OC contaminants on the white whale population in Svalbard.
本研究报告了来自挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛的10头成年雄性白鲸（白鲸属）鲸脂中三种毒杀芬同系物（氯代烃；CHB - 26、- 50和- 62）的浓度。正如预期的那样，在白鲸鲸脂中含量最高的CHB同系物是CHB - 26（4636±1992（标准差）纳克/克脂重）和CHB - 50（6579±2214纳克/克脂重）；CHB - 62（232±231纳克/克脂重）也有检出，但浓度要低得多。本研究中三种CHB的总和平均水平（ΣCHBs = 11447±4208纳克/克脂重）是先前报道的同一批白鲸体内著名有机氯（OC）污染物Σ滴滴涕（pp'-滴滴涕、pp'-滴滴伊、pp'-滴滴滴的总和）和Σ多氯联苯（27种多氯联苯同系物的总和）平均浓度的两倍多。与其他北极白鲸种群相比，斯瓦尔巴群岛白鲸体内CHB的浓度处于这些化合物浓度范围的高端。此外，与来自北极其他地区的白鲸相比，斯瓦尔巴群岛白鲸体内CHB对总OC负担的贡献更大。与同一地区海豹和北极熊（北极熊属）相比，斯瓦尔巴群岛雄性白鲸体内ΣCHBs的浓度高出几个数量级。这些鲸鱼体内CHB的高含量及其在OC模式中的主导地位表明，斯瓦尔巴群岛的白鲸接触到了高浓度的这类污染物。需要进一步研究来调查CHB和其他OC污染物对斯瓦尔巴群岛白鲸种群可能产生的影响。
