De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse, Lefevre Johan, Deforche Benedicte, Wijndaele Katrien, Matton Lynn, Philippaerts Renaat
Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Obes Res. 2005 Jun;13(6):1097-105. doi: 10.1038/oby.2005.128.
This study examined differences in (1) psychosocial correlates of physical activity and in (2) physical activity within different contexts and sedentary behaviors between normal weight and overweight adolescents. It further explored whether the prediction of physical activity by the psychosocial correlates is different in normal weight and overweight adolescents.
A community sample of 6078 11 to 19 year olds from 38 secondary schools, which were randomly selected throughout the country, completed a validated computerized questionnaire about physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and psychosocial correlates. Differences in mean scores on the psychosocial correlates and on the self-rated physical activity were analyzed between the normal weight (n=5563) and the overweight (n=515, 8.5%) group.
This study showed that overweight adolescents do less intense physical activities (p<0.001) and have less favorable psychosocial correlates related to physical activity (p<0.001) than their normal weight counterparts. However, the strength of the associations between psychosocial variables and total physical activity were comparable in overweight and normal weight adolescents. More support from family and friends, more fun in physical activity, higher self-efficacy, the perception of more competition benefits, and the perception of less lack of interest were all associated with higher total levels of physical activity. The results suggest that no specific tailoring on psychosocial correlates of physical activity is necessary for overweight adolescents compared with normal weight ones.
Both overweight and normal weight adolescents can be approached by interventions focusing on the same psychosocial variables to increase physical activity.
本研究调查了（1）正常体重和超重青少年在身体活动的心理社会相关因素方面的差异，以及（2）不同环境下的身体活动和久坐行为的差异。它还进一步探讨了心理社会相关因素对身体活动的预测在正常体重和超重青少年中是否不同。
从全国随机选取的38所中学中抽取了6078名11至19岁的社区样本，他们完成了一份关于身体活动、久坐行为和心理社会相关因素的有效计算机化问卷。分析了正常体重组（n = 5563）和超重组（n = 515，8.5%）在心理社会相关因素平均得分和自我评定身体活动方面的差异。
本研究表明，超重青少年比正常体重的同龄人进行的高强度身体活动更少（p < 0.001），且与身体活动相关的心理社会相关因素更不理想（p < 0.001）。然而，超重和正常体重青少年的心理社会变量与总身体活动之间的关联强度相当。来自家人和朋友的更多支持、身体活动中更多的乐趣、更高的自我效能感、对更多竞争益处的认知以及对较少缺乏兴趣的认知都与更高的总身体活动水平相关。结果表明，与正常体重青少年相比，超重青少年在身体活动的心理社会相关因素方面无需进行特定调整。
针对相同的心理社会变量进行干预，可使超重和正常体重的青少年都增加身体活动。
