Larsen Erik Roj, Mosekilde Leif, Foldspang Anders
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2005 Apr;17(2):125-32. doi: 10.1007/BF03324585.
We evaluated the effect of two programs for the prevention of falls leading to acute hospital admission in a population of elderly community-dwelling Danish residents.
This was a factorial, pragmatic, intervention study. We included 9605 community-dwelling city residents aged 66+ years. We offered a prevention program consisting of a daily supplement of 1000 mg of elemental calcium as calcium carbonate and 400 IU (10 microg) of vitamin-D3 to a total of 4957 participants. The remaining 5063 participants were offered home safety inspection with dietary and health advice, or no intervention.
The Calcium and Vitamin D program was followed by 50.3% and the Environmental and Health Program by 46.4%. According to a multivariate analysis including age, marital status and intervention program, female residents who followed the Calcium and Vitamin D Program had a 12% risk reduction in severe falls (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.79-0.98; p < 0.05; NNT 9).
The present study supports the hypothesis that vitamin D and calcium supplementation prevent falls leading to acute hospitalization in community-dwelling elderly females in a northern European region known to be deficient in vitamin D.
我们评估了两项预防跌倒导致急性住院的项目对丹麦社区老年居民的效果。
这是一项析因性、实用性干预研究。我们纳入了9605名66岁及以上的社区城市居民。我们为总共4957名参与者提供了一项预防项目，该项目包括每日补充1000毫克碳酸钙形式的元素钙和400国际单位（10微克）的维生素D3。其余5063名参与者接受了家庭安全检查并获得饮食和健康建议，或者不接受干预。
50.3%的参与者遵循了钙和维生素D项目，46.4%的参与者遵循了环境与健康项目。根据一项包括年龄、婚姻状况和干预项目的多变量分析，遵循钙和维生素D项目的女性居民严重跌倒风险降低了12%（风险比0.88；95%置信区间0.79 - 0.98；p < 0.05；需治疗人数9）。
本研究支持以下假设：在一个已知维生素D缺乏的北欧地区，补充维生素D和钙可预防社区老年女性跌倒导致急性住院。
