al-Jurayyan N A, al Mazyad A S, al-Nasser M N, al-Eissa Y A, Abo-Bakr A M, Boohene A G, Familusi J B
Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Trop Med Hyg. 1992 Jun;95(3):180-5.
A retrospective review of 71 paediatric patients admitted with bacterial meningitis to the King Fahad Hospital at Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia, during an 8-year period revealed a preponderance of males (67.6%) and young subjects with 88.7% being below 24 months of age. The commonest cerebrospinal fluid pathogens in the series were Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB), Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group B-beta haemolytic streptococcus, which were responsible for 47.3, 34.5 and 9.1% of cases respectively. Neisseria meningitidis which is a major cause of meningitis in most other reports was uncommon in the present series, and was isolated from only two patients. All the children with Group B-beta haemolytic streptococcal meningitis were below 3 months of age while 96.2% of the children with HIB meningitis were younger than 2 years. Mortality was highest (40%) among the infants with Group B-beta haemolytic streptococcal meningitis. Six (23.1%) of the HIB isolated were resistant to ampicillin and two (7.7%) were resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol. There is a need for greater emphasis on prevention through the use of available vaccines including the newly introduced conjugate vaccines against HIB which are capable of eliciting immune responses in infants as young as 2 months.
对沙特阿拉伯巴哈市法赫德国王医院8年间收治的71例细菌性脑膜炎患儿进行的回顾性研究显示，男性占多数（67.6%），且以幼儿为主，88.7%的患儿年龄在24个月以下。该系列病例中最常见的脑脊液病原体是B型流感嗜血杆菌（HIB）、肺炎链球菌和B组β溶血性链球菌，分别占病例的47.3%、34.5%和9.1%。在大多数其他报告中作为脑膜炎主要病因的脑膜炎奈瑟菌在本系列中并不常见，仅从两名患者中分离出。所有B组β溶血性链球菌脑膜炎患儿年龄均在3个月以下，而96.2%的HIB脑膜炎患儿年龄小于2岁。B组β溶血性链球菌脑膜炎婴儿的死亡率最高（40%）。分离出的HIB中有6株（23.1%）对氨苄西林耐药，2株（7.7%）对氨苄西林和氯霉素均耐药。需要更加强调通过使用现有疫苗进行预防，包括新引入的针对HIB的结合疫苗，这些疫苗能够在2个月大的婴儿中引发免疫反应。
