Elmoazzen H Y, Elliott J A W, McGann L E
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Cryobiology. 2005 Aug;51(1):85-91. doi: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2005.05.003.
The first step in the cryopreservation of cells or tissues is often the movement of a permeating cryoprotectant into the cells or tissues from the solution into which they have been placed. The cryoprotectant enters the cells or tissues by thermodynamic equilibration with the surroundings. In the reverse case, thermodynamic equilibration also drives the removal of permeating cryoprotectants by a dilution solution at the end of the preservation process when the cells or tissues are being readied for use. There have been reports of tissues having equilibrium cryoprotectant concentrations lower than that of the surrounding carrier solution. For various tissues, the equilibrium concentration of cryoprotectant inside the tissue is either equal to, or lower than the cryoprotectant concentration of the surrounding solution. A simple thermodynamic treatment of the solution-tissue equilibrium shows that an equilibrium concentration difference can exist between a tissue and the surrounding solution if a pressure difference can be maintained.
细胞或组织冷冻保存的第一步通常是将渗透性冷冻保护剂从它们所处的溶液中转移到细胞或组织中。冷冻保护剂通过与周围环境的热力学平衡进入细胞或组织。在相反的情况下，当细胞或组织准备使用时，在保存过程结束时，热力学平衡也会促使稀释溶液去除渗透性冷冻保护剂。有报道称组织的平衡冷冻保护剂浓度低于周围载体溶液的浓度。对于各种组织，组织内部冷冻保护剂的平衡浓度要么等于，要么低于周围溶液的冷冻保护剂浓度。对溶液 - 组织平衡进行的简单热力学处理表明，如果能够维持压力差，那么组织与周围溶液之间可能存在平衡浓度差。
