Muñoz Pilar, Meseguer José, Esteban M Angeles
Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2006 Jan;20(1):12-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2005.02.002.
The phenoloxidase (PO) activity of the haemolymph and haemocytes from three clam species of commercial interest (Ruditapes philippinarum, Chamelea gallina and Tapes decussatus) has been compared. The activity was assayed spectrophotometrically by recording the formation of dopachrome from L-DOPA using sodium dodecyl sulphate, laminarin, trypsin or lipopolysaccharide as elicitors. Fewer PO units were observed in the haemolymph from T. decussatus than in the haemolymph from R. philippinarum, while the highest values were found in C. gallina. In all cases the activity was only significantly increased when sodium dodecyl sulphate was used as elicitor. PO activity in the haemocytes of all three clam species showed a very similar pattern to that found in the haemolymph from the same species. Furthermore, T. decussatus naturally parasitized by Perkinsus atlanticus (Protozoa, Apicomplexa) was used to study the influence of such infestation on PO activity, which was found to increase significantly in both haemolymph and haemocytes compared with non-infected (control) samples. PO activity in the haemocytes and in the haemolymph was higher when the level of parasitization was low or medium, respectively, and SDS was used as elicitor. No statistically significant differences were observed when the parasitization level was high. The present work constitutes the first report on the influence of this parasite on PO activity in haemolymph and haemocytes from T. decussatus.
比较了三种具有商业价值的蛤类（菲律宾蛤仔、地中海帘蛤和四角蛤蜊）血淋巴和血细胞中的酚氧化酶（PO）活性。通过使用十二烷基硫酸钠、海带多糖、胰蛋白酶或脂多糖作为诱导剂，以分光光度法记录L-多巴形成多巴色素的过程来测定活性。在四角蛤蜊的血淋巴中观察到的PO单位比菲律宾蛤仔血淋巴中的少，而在地中海帘蛤中发现的值最高。在所有情况下，只有当使用十二烷基硫酸钠作为诱导剂时，活性才会显著增加。所有三种蛤类血细胞中的PO活性与同一物种血淋巴中的活性表现出非常相似的模式。此外，利用自然感染大西洋派琴虫（原生动物，顶复门）的四角蛤蜊来研究这种感染对PO活性的影响，结果发现与未感染（对照）样本相比，其血淋巴和血细胞中的PO活性均显著增加。当感染水平较低或中等且使用十二烷基硫酸钠作为诱导剂时，血细胞和血淋巴中的PO活性较高。当感染水平较高时，未观察到统计学上的显著差异。本研究首次报道了这种寄生虫对四角蛤蜊血淋巴和血细胞中PO活性的影响。
