Koopmans Marion
Diagnostic Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Screening, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2005 Aug;18(4):295-9. doi: 10.1097/01.qco.0000171922.55075.ad.
Descriptions of outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis have become a prominent feature in scientific journals and other media such as the electronic reporting service 'promed'. A review of outbreak reports was done to further our understanding of the burden of disease, common and rare modes of transmission, complications, and possibilities for control and prevention.
Viral gastroenteritis outbreaks occur worldwide. In 2004, besides outbreak reports and surveys, there was considerable attention paid to food and waterborne outbreaks and the difficulties in proving these modes of transmission. Costs of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks are high. Complications and unusual manifestations of viral gastroenteritis, such as convulsions, transplant rejection, and chronic infection, may have been underreported.
Viral gastroenteritis is a very common illness in health care settings that can cause significant disruption. Clinicians working in these settings should be familiar with the epidemiology and the possible modes of transmission of enteric viruses to be able to translate them into strategies for prevention or intervention. Research is needed to support these strategies.
病毒性肠胃炎暴发的描述已成为科学期刊及其他媒体（如电子报告服务“ProMED”）的一个显著特征。对暴发报告进行综述，以加深我们对疾病负担、常见和罕见传播方式、并发症以及控制和预防可能性的理解。
病毒性肠胃炎暴发在全球范围内均有发生。2004年，除了暴发报告和调查外，食源性和水源性暴发以及证明这些传播方式的困难受到了相当大的关注。病毒性肠胃炎暴发的成本很高。病毒性肠胃炎的并发症和不寻常表现，如惊厥、移植排斥和慢性感染，可能报告不足。
病毒性肠胃炎在医疗机构中是一种非常常见的疾病，可造成严重干扰。在这些机构工作的临床医生应熟悉肠道病毒的流行病学和可能的传播方式，以便能够将其转化为预防或干预策略。需要开展研究以支持这些策略。
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