Ellies Maik, Schütz Sebastian, Quondamatteo Fabio, Laskawi Rainer
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch Street 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2006 Jan;70(1):59-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2005.05.015. Epub 2005 Jul 5.
In our study, we intend to investigate the influence of local injections of botulinum toxin A on the activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in submandibular glands of adult rats. Since interest has been focused on the role of nitric oxide (NO) as a possible neuromodulator of secretory regulation processes in the upper aerodigestive tract, it was the aim of the present study to show that the toxin also interferes with the metabolic actions of NO on investigated rat submandibular glands. It is of great clinical interest whether the NO pathway is able to influence salivary gland secretion. Increasing of knowledge in this field maybe helpful to treat sialorrhoea, especially in juvenile otolaryngologic and neurologic patients.
We performed immunohistochemical reaction of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the submandibular gland of female adult Wistar rats, both in native (untreated) glands and after intraglandular injection of botulinum toxin A under general anesthesia. The immunoreactivity of nNOS was investigated on different times after injection.
Other than in the untreated glands, there was a significant decrease of nNOS in the treated organs, which became stronger with extended toxin exposure time. The present study shows explicit data on the effect of botulinum toxin A injection on a higher number of examined submandibular glands and is able to analyze a time course of the effect duration.
In our study, it was shown that botulinum toxin A had an influence on the immunoreactivity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in submandibular glands. Therefore, the participation of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of secretion from these organs seems to be evident. It might be assumed that the influence of botulinum toxin A on nNOS in the submandibular gland of the rat is able to explain the sometimes longer duration of toxin effect at the neuroglandular junction than at the motor endplate.
在我们的研究中，我们打算研究局部注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素对成年大鼠下颌下腺中神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）活性的影响。由于一氧化氮（NO）作为上呼吸道和消化道分泌调节过程中一种可能的神经调节剂的作用已受到关注，本研究的目的是表明该毒素也会干扰NO对所研究的大鼠下颌下腺的代谢作用。NO途径是否能够影响唾液腺分泌具有重大的临床意义。增加该领域的知识可能有助于治疗流涎症，特别是在青少年耳鼻喉科和神经科患者中。
我们对成年雌性Wistar大鼠的下颌下腺进行了神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）的免疫组织化学反应，包括在天然（未处理）腺体以及在全身麻醉下进行腺内注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素后的腺体。在注射后的不同时间研究nNOS的免疫反应性。
与未处理的腺体相比，处理后的器官中nNOS显著减少，并且随着毒素暴露时间的延长，这种减少变得更加明显。本研究显示了关于注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素对更多检查的下颌下腺的影响的明确数据，并且能够分析作用持续时间的时间进程。
在我们的研究中，表明A型肉毒杆菌毒素对下颌下腺中神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）的免疫反应性有影响。因此，一氧化氮（NO）参与这些器官的分泌调节似乎是明显的。可以推测，A型肉毒杆菌毒素对大鼠下颌下腺中nNOS的影响能够解释该毒素在神经腺体连接处的作用持续时间有时比在运动终板处更长的现象。
