现代挥发性麻醉剂的药理学

Pharmacology of modern volatile anaesthetics.

作者信息

Preckel Benedikt, Bolten Jens

机构信息

Department of Anaesthesiology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany.

出版信息

Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2005 Sep;19(3):331-48. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2005.01.003.

DOI:10.1016/j.bpa.2005.01.003

PMID:16013685

Abstract

The volatile anaesthetics sevoflurane and desflurane feature new and promising properties. Their low blood and tissue solubility enables rapid onset of and emergence from anaesthesia, thus enhancing patient safety and comfort. This article is designed as an up-to-date review of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of modern volatile anaesthetics. The first part focuses on pharmacokinetic issues such as substance properties, uptake and elimination. The second part covers the effects of inhaled anaesthetics on organ systems, with emphasis on the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory tract, liver and kidneys.

摘要

挥发性麻醉剂七氟烷和地氟烷具有一些新的、有前景的特性。它们在血液和组织中的低溶解度使得麻醉能够快速起效和苏醒，从而提高了患者的安全性和舒适度。本文旨在对现代挥发性麻醉剂的药代动力学和药效学特性进行最新综述。第一部分重点关注药代动力学问题，如物质特性、摄取和消除。第二部分涵盖吸入麻醉剂对器官系统的影响，重点是中枢神经系统、心血管系统、呼吸道、肝脏和肾脏。