Kalogerakis M G
New York University School of Medicine, New York.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1992 Jun;43(6):617-21. doi: 10.1176/ps.43.6.617.
Psychiatric emergencies faced by adolescents are often linked to developmental issues such as separating from parents, establishing attachments to peers, and developing autonomy. In a vulnerable adolescent, a stressful developmental event may trigger a pathological response--acute anxiety, depression with or without suicidal ideation or behavior, severe conduct disturbance, a first psychotic episode, or explosive or violent behavior--that requires emergency psychiatric treatment. The basic components of an emergency psychiatric evaluation of an adolescent include initial observation of the patient, taking a history, interviewing the patient and others accompanying the patient, conducting a mental status examination, making a diagnosis, and planning for disposition and further treatment. Such an evaluation may be the first contact with the mental health system for many adolescents, and the intervention of a sensitive clinician may help the adolescent be more comfortable seeking mental health care in the future.
青少年面临的精神科急症往往与发育问题相关，比如与父母分离、与同龄人建立依恋关系以及发展自主性。对于脆弱的青少年而言，压力性发育事件可能引发病理性反应——急性焦虑、伴有或不伴有自杀观念或行为的抑郁、严重品行障碍、首次精神病发作，或爆发性或暴力行为——这需要紧急精神科治疗。青少年紧急精神科评估的基本组成部分包括对患者的初步观察、病史采集、对患者及陪同患者的其他人进行访谈、进行精神状态检查、做出诊断以及规划处置和进一步治疗。这样的评估可能是许多青少年与心理健康系统的首次接触，而敏感的临床医生的干预可能有助于青少年在未来更自在地寻求心理健康护理。
