van der Schoot Menno, Licht Robert, Horsley Tako M, Sergeant Joseph A
Department of Special Education, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Scand J Psychol. 2005 Aug;46(4):331-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2005.00463.x.
In Experiment 1, the effects of stop signal modality on the speed and efficiency of the inhibition process were examined. Stop signal reaction time (SSRT) and inhibition function slope in an auditory stop signal condition were compared to SSRT and inhibition function slope in a visual stop signal condition. It was found that auditory stop signals compared to visual stop signals enhanced both the speed and efficiency of stopping. The modality effects were attributed to differences in the neurophysiological processes underlying perception. However, Experiment 2 demonstrated that the modality difference was larger for 80 dB(A) auditory stop signals than 60 dB(A) auditory stop signals. This effect was reconciled with the suggestion that loud tones are more capable of eliciting immediate arousing effects on motor processes than weak tones and visual stimuli. The second purpose of the present investigation was to explore the utility (and potential advantages) of an alternative way of setting stop signal delay relative to mean reaction time (MRT). The method that was suggested compensates for inter-individual differences in primary task reaction speed by setting stop signal delays as proportions of the subjects' MRT.
在实验1中，研究了停止信号模态对抑制过程的速度和效率的影响。将听觉停止信号条件下的停止信号反应时间（SSRT）和抑制功能斜率与视觉停止信号条件下的SSRT和抑制功能斜率进行了比较。结果发现，与视觉停止信号相比，听觉停止信号提高了停止的速度和效率。模态效应归因于感知背后神经生理过程的差异。然而，实验2表明，80 dB(A)的听觉停止信号的模态差异比60 dB(A)的听觉停止信号更大。这种效应与以下观点一致，即响亮的音调比微弱的音调和视觉刺激更能对运动过程立即产生唤醒作用。本研究的第二个目的是探索相对于平均反应时间（MRT）设置停止信号延迟的另一种方法的效用（以及潜在优势）。所建议的方法通过将停止信号延迟设置为受试者MRT的比例来补偿个体在主要任务反应速度上的差异。
