Ricaurte George A, Mechan Annis O, Yuan Jie, Hatzidimitriou George, Xie Tao, Mayne Andrew H, McCann Una D
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Rm. 5B.71E, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Oct;315(1):91-8. doi: 10.1124/jpet.105.087916. Epub 2005 Jul 13.
Pharmacotherapy with amphetamine is effective in the management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), now recognized in adults as well as in children and adolescents. Here we demonstrate that amphetamine treatment, similar to that used clinically for adult ADHD, damages dopaminergic nerve endings in the striatum of adult nonhuman primates. Furthermore, plasma concentrations of amphetamine associated with dopaminergic neurotoxicity in nonhuman primates are on the order of those reported in young patients receiving amphetamine for the management of ADHD. These findings may have implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of ADHD. Further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to evaluate the dopaminergic neurotoxic potential of therapeutic doses of amphetamine in children as well as adults.
苯丙胺药物疗法在注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的治疗中有效，现在ADHD在成人以及儿童和青少年中都得到了认可。我们在此证明，与临床上用于成人ADHD的治疗方法类似，苯丙胺治疗会损害成年非人灵长类动物纹状体中的多巴胺能神经末梢。此外，与非人灵长类动物多巴胺能神经毒性相关的苯丙胺血浆浓度与接受苯丙胺治疗ADHD的年轻患者所报告的浓度相当。这些发现可能对ADHD的病理生理学和治疗有影响。需要进一步的临床前和临床研究来评估治疗剂量的苯丙胺对儿童和成人的多巴胺能神经毒性潜力。
