Segal K R, Chun A, Coronel P, Valdez V
Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1992 May;72(5):1754-63. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1992.72.5.1754.
To characterize further the impact of exercise before a meal on thermogenesis, the effects of exercise intensity and mode and the duration of the effect of exercise on the thermic effect (TEF) of a 720-kcal mixed meal were compared in 10 lean and 10 obese men (16 +/- 1 vs. 34 +/- 2% fat). In study A, TEF (kcal/3 h) was significantly greater for the lean than the obese men during rest and immediately after 1 h of cycling at 50 and 100 W. TEF was significantly greater after both exercise intensities than during rest for the obese men, but exercise had no effect on TEF in the lean men. In study B, TEF was significantly greater for the lean than the obese men during rest and immediately after 1 h of leg cycling at an O2 consumption of 1.09 l/min but only marginally different after 1 h of arm exercise at the same O2 consumption (P = 0.15). For the obese men, TEF was greater after arm than leg cycling and greater after leg cycling than at rest (P less than 0.01), but TEF was not different among the three conditions for the lean men. In study C, TEF was compared at rest and immediately and 24 h after 1 h of cycling at 100 W. TEF was greater for the lean than the obese men under all conditions (P less than 0.05). For the obese but not the lean men, TEF was greater both immediately after and on the day after exercise than at rest (P less than 0.01). Thus, acute exercise improves but does not normalize the blunted TEF in obesity; a minimally intense bout of exercise is needed to improve TEF; exercise mode alters thermogenesis in the obese men, even at a fixed intensity; and TEF in the obese men is enhanced for as long as 24 h after exercise.
为了进一步明确餐前运动对产热的影响，在10名瘦人和10名肥胖男性（体脂分别为16±1%和34±2%）中比较了运动强度、运动方式以及运动对720千卡混合餐热效应（TEF）影响的持续时间。在研究A中，休息时以及以50瓦和100瓦功率骑行1小时后，瘦人的TEF（千卡/3小时）显著高于肥胖男性。对于肥胖男性，两种运动强度后的TEF均显著高于休息时，但运动对瘦人的TEF没有影响。在研究B中，休息时以及以每分钟1.09升耗氧量进行1小时腿部骑行后，瘦人的TEF显著高于肥胖男性，但在相同耗氧量下进行1小时手臂运动后，两者仅存在微小差异（P = 0.15）。对于肥胖男性，手臂骑行后的TEF高于腿部骑行，腿部骑行后的TEF高于休息时（P < 0.01），但对于瘦人，这三种情况下的TEF没有差异。在研究C中，比较了休息时、以100瓦功率骑行1小时后即刻以及24小时后的TEF。在所有条件下，瘦人的TEF均高于肥胖男性（P < 0.05）。对于肥胖男性而非瘦人，运动后即刻以及运动后一天的TEF均高于休息时（P < 0.01）。因此，急性运动可改善肥胖者减弱的TEF，但不能使其恢复正常；需要进行最低强度的运动 bout 来改善TEF；运动方式会改变肥胖男性的产热，即使在固定强度下也是如此；肥胖男性运动后TEF可增强长达24小时。
