Finneran James J, Carder Donald A, Dear Randall, Belting Traci, McBain Jim, Dalton Les, Ridgway Sam H
U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego, Code 2351, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, California 92152-5001, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2005 Jun;117(6):3936-43. doi: 10.1121/1.1893354.
A behavioral response paradigm was used to measure pure-tone hearing sensitivities in two belugas (Delphinapterus leucas). Tests were conducted over a 20-month period at the Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium, in Tacoma, WA. Subjects were two males, aged 8-10 and 9-11 during the course of the study. Subjects were born in an oceanarium and had been housed together for all of their lives. Hearing thresholds were measured using a modified up/down staircase procedure and acoustic response paradigm where subjects were trained to produce audible responses to test tones and to remain quiet otherwise. Test frequencies ranged from approximately 2 to 130 kHz. Best sensitivities ranged from approximately 40 to 50 dB re 1 microPa at 50-80 kHz and 30-35 kHz for the two subjects. Although both subjects possessed traditional "U-shaped" mammalian audiograms, one subject exhibited significant high-frequency hearing loss above 37 kHz compared to previously published data for belugas. Hearing loss in this subject was estimated to approach 90 dB for frequencies above 50 kHz. Similar ages, ancestry, and environmental conditions between subjects, but a history of ototoxic drug administration in only one subject, suggest that the observed hearing loss was a result of the aminoglycoside antibiotic amikacin.
采用行为反应范式测量了两头白鲸（白鲸属）的纯音听力敏感度。测试在华盛顿州塔科马市的点防御动物园和水族馆进行，为期20个月。研究过程中的受试对象为两头雄性白鲸，年龄分别为8至10岁和9至11岁。受试对象出生于海洋馆，一生都饲养在一起。使用改良的上下阶梯程序和声学反应范式测量听力阈值，即训练受试对象对测试音产生可听见的反应，否则保持安静。测试频率范围约为2至130千赫。两名受试对象在50至80千赫和30至35千赫时的最佳敏感度范围约为相对于1微帕40至50分贝。尽管两名受试对象都具有传统的“U形”哺乳动物听力图，但与之前发表的白鲸数据相比，其中一头受试对象在37千赫以上表现出明显的高频听力损失。该受试对象在50千赫以上频率的听力损失估计接近90分贝。受试对象之间年龄、血统和环境条件相似，但只有一头受试对象有耳毒性药物使用史，这表明观察到的听力损失是氨基糖苷类抗生素阿米卡星造成的。
