Woodworth Bradford A, Smythe Nancy, Spicer Samuel S, Schulte Bradley A, Schlosser Rodney J
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2005;67(4):199-202. doi: 10.1159/000087093. Epub 2005 Jul 15.
Pulmonary surfactant originates from phospholipid lamellar bodies secreted from the type II epithelial cell of the alveolus. In the lower airway, surfactant optimizes surface tension and oxygen exchange, decreases mucus viscosity and aids in mechanical elimination of inhaled pathogens. In addition to the lung, lamellar bodies have been identified in many other cell types throughout the human body. However, no prior studies have identified lamellar bodies in human sinus mucosa.
We performed ultrastructural studies to assess whether lamellar bodies are present in the human sinus in a variety of diseased and normal epithelium.
We biopsied sinus mucosa from 5 subjects, 1 each with allergic fungal sinusitis, eosinophilic mucin rhinosinusitis, cystic fibrosis, frontal sinus mucocele, and cerebrospinal fluid leak (healthy control). Mouse lung served as a positive control. Specimens were prepared using ferrocyanide-reduced osmium tetroxide and thiocarbohydrazide for fixation (R-OTO method) to avoid extraction of phospholipids during dehydration and were viewed with transmission electron microscopy.
We identified lamellar bodies in the sinus mucosa of all patients. Additionally, preservation of mouse lung lamellar bodies confirms that the R-OTO method is a valid technique to preserve these structures.
We describe a simpler, faster technique for identification of cellular phospholipid components than those used previously. Definitive identification of these lamellar bodies within ciliated pseudostratified epithelium of the upper airway indicates that surfactant may have a role in sinus function and pathophysiology.
肺表面活性物质起源于肺泡II型上皮细胞分泌的磷脂板层小体。在下呼吸道，表面活性物质可优化表面张力和氧气交换，降低黏液黏度，并有助于机械性清除吸入的病原体。除了肺，板层小体还在人体许多其他细胞类型中被发现。然而，此前尚无研究在人鼻窦黏膜中发现板层小体。
我们进行了超微结构研究，以评估在各种患病和正常上皮组织的人鼻窦中是否存在板层小体。
我们从5名受试者身上获取鼻窦黏膜活检样本，其中1名患有变应性真菌性鼻窦炎，1名患有嗜酸性黏液性鼻-鼻窦炎，1名患有囊性纤维化，1名患有额窦黏液囊肿，1名作为健康对照（脑脊液漏患者）。小鼠肺作为阳性对照。使用亚铁氰化物还原四氧化锇和硫代碳酰肼进行样本固定（R-OTO法），以避免脱水过程中磷脂的提取，然后用透射电子显微镜观察。
我们在所有患者的鼻窦黏膜中均发现了板层小体。此外，小鼠肺板层小体的保存情况证实R-OTO法是保存这些结构的有效技术。
我们描述了一种比以往使用的方法更简单、更快的鉴定细胞磷脂成分的技术。在上呼吸道纤毛假复层上皮内明确鉴定出这些板层小体，表明表面活性物质可能在鼻窦功能和病理生理学中发挥作用。
