诺氟沙星与甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑治疗部署到南美洲和西非的美国军事人员的旅行者腹泻的比较。

Norfloxacin compared to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for the treatment of travelers' diarrhea among U.S. military personnel deployed to South America and West Africa.

作者信息

Thornton S A, Wignall S F, Kilpatrick M E, Bourgeois A L, Gardiner C, Batchelor R A, Burr D H, Oprandy J J, Garst P, Hyams K C

机构信息

Department of Infectious Diseases, U.S. Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, MD.

出版信息

Mil Med. 1992 Feb;157(2):55-8.

PMID:1603387

Abstract

A randomized treatment trial of travelers' diarrhea was carried out among U.S. military personnel participating in routine exercises in several port cities in South America and West Africa. A 5-day, twice daily course of either norfloxacin (400 mg) or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX, 160/800 mg) was given to 142 volunteers. At the end of 5 days of treatment, diarrhea had resolved in 100% of 73 patients receiving norfloxacin and 97.1% (67/69) receiving TMP/SMX. A probable bacterial pathogen was determined in 44% of 142 subjects: 49% of the norfloxacin group and 39% of the TMP/SMX group. The most common pathogens detected were enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in 20% of cases and rotavirus in 15%. Resistance to TMP/SMX was present in 20 (27%) bacterial isolates, while no resistance to norfloxacin was found. Eight of 10 patients in the TMP/SMX treatment group who had TMP/SMX-resistant bacterial enteropathogens improved clinically. Both norfloxacin and TMP/SMX were clinically effective in the treatment of travelers' diarrhea in this military population.

摘要

在美国军事人员中进行了一项旅行者腹泻的随机治疗试验，这些人员在南美洲和西非的几个港口城市参加常规演习。142名志愿者接受了为期5天、每日两次的诺氟沙星（400毫克）或甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑（TMP/SMX，160/800毫克）疗程。在治疗5天后，73名接受诺氟沙星治疗的患者中有100%腹泻得到缓解，接受TMP/SMX治疗的69名患者中有97.1%（67/69）腹泻得到缓解。在142名受试者中有44%确定了可能的细菌病原体：诺氟沙星组为49%，TMP/SMX组为39%。检测到的最常见病原体是产肠毒素大肠杆菌（20%的病例）和轮状病毒（15%）。20株（27%）细菌分离株对TMP/SMX耐药，而未发现对诺氟沙星耐药。TMP/SMX治疗组中10名患有TMP/SMX耐药细菌性肠道病原体的患者中有8名临床症状改善。诺氟沙星和TMP/SMX对该军事人群中的旅行者腹泻均有临床疗效。