Hayat Samina, Berney Seth Mark
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine in Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2005 Aug;7(4):276-80. doi: 10.1007/s11926-005-0037-4.
Vasculitis is defined as inflammation of blood vessels and can affect multiple organs. Several classification systems exist to categorize vasculitis such as vessel size, presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, pathogenesis of the inflammation, and type of inflammatory cell infiltrate. Cutaneous vasculitis occurs as a manifestation of many diseases including rheumatologic diseases, hypersensitivity syndromes, infections, and malignancies. The diagnosis of the cutaneous vasculitis and the underlying cause requires a complete history and physical exam and usually a biopsy or angiogram. The treatment depends on the etiology of the inflammation and includes immunosuppression, withdrawal of the offending agent, antibacterial/antiviral agents, and chemotherapies. A clear understanding and approach to this condition will improve the physician's ability to provide optimal patient care.
血管炎被定义为血管的炎症，可累及多个器官。存在多种分类系统来对血管炎进行分类，例如血管大小、抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体的存在情况、炎症的发病机制以及炎性细胞浸润的类型。皮肤血管炎是许多疾病的表现形式，包括风湿性疾病、超敏反应综合征、感染和恶性肿瘤。皮肤血管炎及其潜在病因的诊断需要完整的病史和体格检查，通常还需要进行活检或血管造影。治疗取决于炎症的病因，包括免疫抑制、停用致病因素、使用抗菌/抗病毒药物以及化疗。对这种疾病的清晰理解和处理方法将提高医生提供最佳患者护理的能力。
