Walsh B J, Hill D J, Macoun P, Cairns D, Howden M E H
School of Chemistry, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2005 Jul-Aug;33(4):183-91. doi: 10.1157/13077741.
There appears to be a lack of agreement in the literature on the allergenicity of hen egg proteins. This may be partly due to the use of impure proteins in some cases. Egg yolk proteins have also been largely ignored in such studies. We therefore set out to determine, using especially purified proteins, their relative allergenicity, and to observe whether there were any relationships between their potency and the sensitivity of patients to them.
The sera of 40 patients with clinically observed hen egg hypersensitivity were tested for specific IgE binding to purified egg white and egg yolk proteins using the radioallergosorbent test (RAST). Statistical treatment by correspondence analysis of the percent radioactive uptakes in the RAST to the 8 proteins demonstrated that there were four distinct groups of patients reacting in a similar way to four discrete sets of proteins.
The first three sets of allergens consisted of egg white proteins as follows: firstly, lysozyme and ovalbumin; secondly, ovomucoid; and thirdly, ovomucin. The fourth set contained the egg white protein ovotransferrin and the egg yolk proteins apovitellenins I and VI and phosvitin. The existence of patient groups may explain why various workers have reported different allergens to be important in egg hypersensitivity. A sufficiently large number of patients must be examined so as to give a representative distribution across each group, otherwise the results may be biased towards one allergen.
关于鸡蛋蛋白的致敏性，文献中似乎缺乏一致意见。这可能部分是由于在某些情况下使用了不纯的蛋白质。在这类研究中，蛋黄蛋白也基本上被忽视了。因此，我们着手使用特别纯化的蛋白质来确定它们的相对致敏性，并观察它们的效力与患者对其敏感性之间是否存在任何关系。
使用放射变应原吸附试验（RAST）检测了40例临床观察到的鸡蛋过敏患者血清中特异性IgE与纯化的蛋清和蛋黄蛋白的结合情况。通过对应分析对RAST中8种蛋白质的放射性摄取百分比进行统计处理，结果表明有四组不同的患者对四组不同的蛋白质有相似的反应。
前三组过敏原由蛋清蛋白组成，具体如下：第一组，溶菌酶和卵清蛋白；第二组，卵类粘蛋白；第三组，卵粘蛋白。第四组包含蛋清蛋白转铁蛋白和蛋黄蛋白卵黄高磷蛋白I和VI以及卵黄高磷蛋白。患者分组的存在可能解释了为什么不同的研究人员报道在鸡蛋过敏中起重要作用的过敏原不同。必须检查足够多的患者，以便在每组中给出具有代表性的分布，否则结果可能会偏向于一种过敏原。
