Swingley Daniel
Max-Planck-Institute for Psycholinguistics, The Netherlands and Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Dev Sci. 2005 Sep;8(5):432-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.00432.x.
During the first year of life, infants' perception of speech becomes tuned to the phonology of the native language, as revealed in laboratory discrimination and categorization tasks using syllable stimuli. However, the implications of these results for the development of the early vocabulary remain controversial, with some results suggesting that infants retain only vague, sketchy phonological representations of words. Five experiments using a preferential listening procedure tested Dutch 11-month-olds' responses to word, nonword and mispronounced-word stimuli. Infants listened longer to words than nonwords, but did not exhibit this response when words were mispronounced at onset or at offset. In addition, infants preferred correct pronunciations to onset mispronunciations. The results suggest that infants' encoding of familiar words includes substantial phonological detail.
在生命的第一年，婴儿对语音的感知会根据母语的音系进行调整，这在使用音节刺激的实验室辨别和分类任务中得到了体现。然而，这些结果对早期词汇发展的影响仍存在争议，一些结果表明婴儿仅保留了单词模糊、粗略的语音表征。五项使用偏好倾听程序的实验测试了11个月大的荷兰婴儿对单词、非单词和发音错误单词刺激的反应。婴儿对单词的倾听时间比对非单词的更长，但当单词在开头或结尾发音错误时，他们并未表现出这种反应。此外，婴儿更喜欢正确发音而非开头发音错误的情况。结果表明，婴儿对熟悉单词的编码包含大量语音细节。
