Enjoji Munechika, Nakashima Manabu, Yamaguchi Koji, Kotoh Kazuhiro, Nakamuta Makoto
Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 Aug;20(8):1143-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.03840.x.
Since receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) was first reported as a tumor-associated antigen of gynecologic cancer, its function and practical value as a tumor marker have been investigated in various types of carcinomas. Basic research has indicated that RCAS1 expression in cancer cells contributes to the evasion from immune surveillance and progression of carcinomas. The clinical significance of RCAS1 expression in hepatobiliary and pancreatic carcinomas has also been investigated. In this review, we summarize the clinical application of RCAS1 antigen in hepatic and pancreaticobiliary diseases. We present new data and review current knowledge about the potential of RCAS1 as a tumor marker and the relationship between RCAS1 expression and clinicopathologic parameters. We found that the clinical function of RCAS1 appeared to differ according to the type of carcinoma. In hepatocellular carcinoma, the clinical significance of histological RCAS1 expression was controversial and that of serum RCAS1 levels showed little clinical value. In pancreaticobiliary cancers, high RCAS1 expression in tissue samples was an unfavorable independent prognostic factor. Serum RCAS1 was a superior tumor marker reflecting the disease activity in biliary carcinoma. In pancreatic cancer, serum RCAS1 levels were less useful than in biliary carcinoma but may be available for genetically CA19-9-negative patients and for CA19-9-non-producing cancer. This review also offers suggestions for future studies.
自首次报道在SiSo细胞上表达的受体结合癌抗原（RCAS1）为妇科癌症的肿瘤相关抗原以来，其作为肿瘤标志物的功能和实用价值已在各类癌症中得到研究。基础研究表明，癌细胞中RCAS1的表达有助于逃避免疫监视并促进癌症进展。RCAS1在肝胆胰癌中的表达的临床意义也已得到研究。在本综述中，我们总结了RCAS1抗原在肝脏和肝胆胰疾病中的临床应用。我们展示了新数据，并回顾了有关RCAS1作为肿瘤标志物的潜力以及RCAS1表达与临床病理参数之间关系的现有知识。我们发现，RCAS1的临床功能似乎因癌症类型而异。在肝细胞癌中，组织学RCAS1表达的临床意义存在争议，血清RCAS1水平的临床价值不大。在肝胆胰癌中，组织样本中RCAS1的高表达是一个不利的独立预后因素。血清RCAS1是反映胆管癌疾病活动的优良肿瘤标志物。在胰腺癌中，血清RCAS1水平的作用不如在胆管癌中有用，但可能适用于基因检测CA19-9阴性的患者以及不产生CA19-9的癌症患者。本综述还为未来的研究提供了建议。
